Difference between revisions of "Team:NUS Singapore"

 
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<head>
 
<head>
 
<meta charset="utf-8">
 
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
+
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
+
</head>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
+
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
+
  
 
<style>
 
<style>
 +
  
 
/************************************************** Image Carousel Section **************************************************/
 
/************************************************** Image Carousel Section **************************************************/
.carousel{
+
#slide{
     background: #2f4357;
+
     width:100%;
     margin-top: 20px;
+
     }
 +
   
 +
* {
 +
    box-sizing: border-box
 
}
 
}
.carousel .item{
+
 
     min-height: 280px; /* Prevent carousel from being distorted if for some reason image doesn't load */
+
.mySlides {
 +
     display: none
 
}
 
}
.carousel .item img{
+
 
    margin: 0 auto; /* Align slide image horizontally center */
+
.mySlides.fade img {
 +
  width:100%;height:500px;
 
}
 
}
.bs-example{
+
 
     margin: 20px;
+
.slideshow-container {
 +
     width: 100%;
 +
    position: relative;
 
}
 
}
 +
/* Next & previous buttons */
 +
.prev, .next {
 +
    cursor: pointer;
 +
    position: absolute;
 +
    top: 50%;
 +
    width: auto;
 +
    padding: 16px;
 +
    margin-top: -22px;
 +
    color: white;
 +
    font-weight: bold;
 +
    font-size: 18px;
 +
    transition: 0.6s ease;
 +
    border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
 +
}
 +
/* Position the "next button" to the right */
 +
.next {
 +
    right: 0;
 +
    border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
 +
}
 +
/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
 +
.prev:hover, .next:hover {
 +
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
 +
}
 +
/* Caption text */
 +
.text {
 +
    font-family:"Snell Roundhand", cursive;
 +
    color:#ffffff;
 +
    font-size: 15px;
 +
    padding: 8px 12px;
 +
    position: absolute;
 +
    bottom: 80px;
 +
    width: 100%;
 +
    text-align: left;
 +
    font-size:30px;
 +
    font-weight:900;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* The dots/bullets/indicators */
 +
.dot {
 +
    cursor: pointer;
 +
    height: 13px;
 +
    width: 13px;
 +
    margin: 0 2px;
 +
    background-color: #bbb;
 +
    border-radius: 50%;
 +
    display: inline-block;
 +
    transition: background-color 0.6s ease;
 +
}
 +
.active, .dot:hover {
 +
    background-color: #717171;
 +
}
 +
/* Fading animation */
 +
.fade {
 +
    -webkit-animation-name: fade;
 +
    -webkit-animation-duration: 2s;
 +
    animation-name: fade;
 +
    animation-duration: 2s;
 +
}
 +
 +
@-webkit-keyframes fade {
 +
  from {opacity: .4}
 +
  to {opacity: 1}
 +
}
 +
 +
@keyframes fade {
 +
  from {opacity: .4}
 +
  to {opacity: 1}
 +
}
 +
 +
/* On smaller screens, decrease text size */
 +
@media only screen and (max-width: 300px) {
 +
  .text {font-size: 11px}
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/********************************************* Video section *********************************************/
 +
.video_container {
 +
    width:100%;
 +
    padding-left: 10%;
 +
    padding-right: 10%;
 +
    height:500px;
 +
    position:relative;
 +
}
 +
 +
.video_container video{
 +
    width:100%;
 +
    height:500px;
 +
}
 +
  
 
/********************************************* Summary with Image Section *********************************************/
 
/********************************************* Summary with Image Section *********************************************/
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}
 
}
 
.column.larger_section {
 
.column.larger_section {
     width: 50%;  
+
     width: 70%;
 +
    float:left;
 +
    padding-left:10%;
 
}
 
}
  
 
.column.larger_section p {  
 
.column.larger_section p {  
     width: 94.5%;
+
     text-align:justify;
 +
}
 +
 
 +
.column.full_section {
 +
    width:100%;  
 +
    position:relative;
 +
    padding-left:10%;
 +
    padding-right:10%;
 +
}
 +
 
 +
.column.full_section p {
 
     text-align:justify;
 
     text-align:justify;
 
}  
 
}  
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.column.smaller_section {
 
.column.smaller_section {
 
     width: 30%;  
 
     width: 30%;  
 +
    float:right;
 +
    padding-right:5%;
 
}
 
}
  
.column.smaller_section p {  
+
.column.smaller_section img {  
     width: 94.5%;
+
     margin-left:30%;
 +
    height:200px;
 
     text-align:justify;
 
     text-align:justify;
 
}
 
}
 
 
/************************************************** Homepage Gallery  **************************************************/
 
/************************************************** Homepage Gallery  **************************************************/
 
div.polaroid {  
 
div.polaroid {  
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   background-color: white;
 
   background-color: white;
 
   box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19);
 
   box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19);
   margin:15px;  /*gallery的间距*/
+
   margin:2.5%;  /*gallery的间距*/
 
   float:left;
 
   float:left;
 
   position: relative;
 
   position: relative;
 
}
 
}
 +
  
 
div.gallery-intro-container {
 
div.gallery-intro-container {
 
   text-align: center;
 
   text-align: center;
   height:30px;
+
   height:60px;
   padding: 10px 20px;  /*height,width*/
+
   padding: 20px 0px;  /*height,width*/
 
   font-family: arial;
 
   font-family: arial;
 
}
 
}
 +
 +
.gallery-intro-container p{
 +
  text-align:center;
 +
}
 +
 +
.gallery-intro-container a{
 +
  text-align:center;
 +
  font-size:20px;
 +
  font-family: arial;
 +
  text-decoration:none;
 +
  color:#000000;
 +
  text-weight:bold;
 +
}
 +
  
 
/********** Overlay Effect for the Gallery Image *************/
 
/********** Overlay Effect for the Gallery Image *************/
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.polaroid:hover .gallery-overlay {
 
.polaroid:hover .gallery-overlay {
   bottom: 20%;
+
   bottom: 25%;
   height: 80%;
+
   height: 75%;
 
}
 
}
 
.gallery-overlay-text {
 
.gallery-overlay-text {
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}
 
}
  
</style>
+
/************************  Quick Link Footer  **************************/
</head>
+
.quicklink p {
 +
background-color:#F0F3F4;
 +
width:100%;
 +
text-align: center;
 +
height:60px;
 +
padding:10px;
 +
margin:0px;
 +
font-weight: bold;
 +
font-size: 20px;
 +
}
  
 +
.quicklink-container {
 +
      background-color:#F0F3F4;
 +
      width:100%;
 +
      height:200px;
 +
      position:absolute;
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-1 {
 +
background-color:#F0F3F4;
 +
width:25%;
 +
height:300px;
 +
padding-left:7%;
 +
padding-right:7%;
 +
position:relative;
 +
float:left;
 +
text-align: center;
 +
text-decoration: none;
  
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-2 {
 +
background-color:#F0F3F4;
 +
width:25%;
 +
height:300px;
 +
padding-left:7%;
 +
padding-right:7%;
 +
position:relative;
 +
float:left;
 +
text-align: center;
 +
text-decoration: none;
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-3 {
 +
background-color:#F0F3F4;
 +
width:25%;
 +
height:300px;
 +
padding-left:7%;
 +
padding-right:7%;
 +
position:relative;
 +
float:left;
 +
text-align: center;
 +
text-decoration: none;
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-4 {
 +
background-color:#F0F3F4;
 +
width:25%;
 +
height:300px;
 +
padding-left:7%;
 +
padding-right:7%;
 +
position:relative;
 +
float:left;
 +
text-align: center;
 +
text-decoration: none;
 +
}
 +
 +
.quicklink-4 a {
 +
        color:#808B96;
 +
          font-size:15px;
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-3 a {
 +
        color:#808B96;
 +
font-size:15px;
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-2 a {
 +
        color:#808B96;
 +
font-size:15px;
 +
}
 +
.quicklink-1 a {
 +
        color:#808B96;
 +
font-size:15px;
 +
}
 +
 +
/**************************************** Sponsor and Social Connact Link Cover  ****************************************/
 +
.footer-container{
 +
  width:100%;
 +
  height:300px;
 +
  background-color:#F0F3F4 ;
 +
  position:absolute;
 +
}
 +
 +
.footer-contact-container {
 +
  width:100%; 
 +
  padding-left:40%;
 +
  background-color:inherit;
 +
  float:left;
 +
  padding-top:none;
 +
  border-top: 2px solid grey;
 +
}
 +
 +
img.social-icon {
 +
    margin:2%;
 +
    position:relative;
 +
    float:left;
 +
    width:5%;
 +
    height:auto;
 +
}
 +
 +
.footer-sponsor-container{
 +
  width:100%;
 +
  background-color:inherit;
 +
  padding-left:8%;
 +
  padding-right:8%;
 +
}
 +
 +
.footer-sponsor-container img{
 +
    width:140px;
 +
    height:80px;
 +
    margin-right:10px;
 +
}
 +
/*********************  Responsive Design  *********************/
 +
 +
/*
 +
  ##Device = Tablets, Ipads (landscape)
 +
  ##Screen = B/w 768px to 1024px
 +
*/
 +
 +
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) {
 +
 
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*
 +
  ##Device = Most of the Smartphones Mobiles (Portrait)
 +
  ##Screen = B/w 320px to 479px
 +
 +
  ##Device = Tablets, Ipads (portrait)
 +
  ##Screen = B/w 768px to 1024px
 +
*/
 +
@media (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
 +
 +
    /*slide show*/
 +
 +
  .mySlides.fade img {
 +
  width:100%;
 +
  height:200px;
 +
  }
 +
 +
  .slideshow-container {
 +
    height:200px;
 +
}
 +
 +
  /*Gallary*/
 +
  div.polaroid {
 +
    width: 50%;  /*For adjust the picture size*/
 +
    background-color: white;
 +
    position:center;
 +
    display:block;
 +
    margin-left:25%;
 +
    margin-right:25%;
 +
    }
 +
 +
div.gallery-intro-container {
 +
      height:40px;
 +
      padding: 10px 10px;  /*height,width*/
 +
    }
 +
 +
  .polaroid:hover .gallery-overlay {
 +
    bottom: 15%;
 +
    height: 85%;
 +
  }
 +
 +
/*Column*/
 +
 +
  .column.larger_section {
 +
      width: 100%;
 +
      position: relative;
 +
      padding-left:15%;
 +
      padding-right:15%;
 +
      float:none;
 +
  }
 +
  .column.smaller_section {
 +
      width: 20%;
 +
      position: relative;
 +
      padding-left:15%;
 +
      padding-right:15%;
 +
      float:none;
 +
  }
 +
 +
  .column.larger_section p {
 +
    width:100%;
 +
    text-align:justify;
 +
  }
 +
 +
  .column.smaller_section p {
 +
      width:100%;
 +
      padding:5%;
 +
      text-align:justify;
 +
  }
 +
 +
/*Video section*/
 +
  .video_container {
 +
    padding-left: 5%;
 +
    padding-right: 5%;
 +
    height:300px;
 +
}
 +
 +
.video_container video{
 +
    height:300px;
 +
}
 +
 
 +
/*Sponsor and Social Contact Link Cover*/
 +
.footer-sponsor-container img{
 +
    width:100px;
 +
    height:50px;
 +
    margin-right:5px;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
.footer-sponsor-container{
 +
  width:100%;
 +
  background-color:inherit;
 +
  padding-left:5%;
 +
  padding-right:5%;
 +
}
 +
 +
.footer-container{
 +
  width:100%;
 +
  height:150px;
 +
  background-color:#F0F3F4 ;
 +
  position:absolute;
 +
}
 +
 +
img.social-icon {
 +
    margin:2%;
 +
    position:relative;
 +
    float:left;
 +
    width:10%;
 +
    height:auto;
 +
  }
 +
}
 +
 +
</style>
 +
 +
<body>
 
<!--***********************************************  Image Carousel Section ***********************************************-->
 
<!--***********************************************  Image Carousel Section ***********************************************-->
<div class="bs-example">
+
<div id="slide">
    <div id="myCarousel" class="carousel slide" data-interval="3000" data-ride="carousel">
+
   <div class="slideshow-container">
        <!-- Carousel indicators -->
+
    <div class="mySlides fade"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/0c/NUS_2017_IGEM_slideshow.png"> </div>
        <ol class="carousel-indicators">
+
    <div class="mySlides fade"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/d/d1/NUS_2017_IGEM_Group_Eng.jpeg"> </div>
            <li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
+
    <div class="mySlides fade"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/04/NUS_IGEM_Groupphoto_1_tailored.jpeg"> </div>
            <li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="1"></li>
+
    <a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a> <a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>  
            <li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="2"></li>
+
  </div>
        </ol>    
+
  <br>
        <!-- Wrapper for carousel items -->
+
  <div style="text-align:center">  
        <div class="carousel-inner">
+
      <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span>  
            <div class="active item">
+
      <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span>  
                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/04/NUS_IGEM_Groupphoto_1_tailored.jpeg" alt="First Slide">
+
      <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span>
                <div class="carousel-caption">
+
  </div>
                  <h3>First slide label</h3>
+
</div>
                  <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</p>
+
                </div>
+
            </div>
+
            <div class="item">
+
                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/04/NUS_IGEM_Groupphoto_1_tailored.jpeg" alt="Second Slide">
+
                <div class="carousel-caption">
+
                  <h3>Second slide label</h3>
+
                  <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.</p>
+
                </div>
+
            </div>
+
            <div class="item">
+
                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/04/NUS_IGEM_Groupphoto_1_tailored.jpeg" alt="Third Slide">
+
                <div class="carousel-caption">
+
                  <h3>Third slide label</h3>
+
                  <p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur.</p>
+
                </div>
+
            </div>
+
        </div>
+
        <!-- Carousel controls -->
+
        <a class="carousel-control left" href="#myCarousel" data-slide="prev">
+
            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left"></span>
+
        </a>
+
        <a class="carousel-control right" href="#myCarousel" data-slide="next">
+
            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right"></span>
+
        </a>
+
    </div>
+
</div>
+
  
 
<!--**************************************** Project Description with Image Section ****************************************-->
 
<!--**************************************** Project Description with Image Section ****************************************-->
<div style="position:center;">
+
   <h1>Making Engineering of Customised Kill Switches Easier</h1>  
   <h1>Project Description</h1>
+
<div class="column larger_section">  
</div>
+
   <p>Many SynBio groups are engineering microbes that could one day be useful in detecting diseases, fighting cancer and monitoring heavy metals in rivers. However, engineered microbes may leak into the non-designated environment, posing threats to our natural ecosystem. This is a major hurdle towards the commercialization of engineered microbes. To address this, we need effective kill switches to prevent engineered microbes from escaping into the environment. However, existing kill switches have limitations and, more importantly, it is difficult to readily tailor make kill switches for different applications.</p><br>
<div class="column larger_section" style="float:left;margin-left:80px">  
+
<p>
   <p>Recent advancements in engineered probiotics have enabled a host of novel medical therapeutics and diagnostics. One such example is scientists using engineered microbes to successfully target tumors in the gastrointestinal tract with minimal collateral damage and invasiveness [1, 2, 3, 4].Yet, despite these developments in engineered therapeutics, the risk of engineered microbes leaking into a non-designated environment remains an unresolved threat: a threat that could disrupt ecosystems and increase antibiotic resistance of natural bacteria. Therefore, critical to the feasibility of a functional engineered probiotic are control systems called killswitches that allow for spatial and temporal killing of the engineered probiotic once removed from its specific target site. However, the function of many existing killswitches is limited because they rely on: (1) Single input biosensors which decreases specificity [5]; (2) artificial amino acids which are difficult and unsuitable for implementation in the human body [6]; and (3) active control based on controlled expression of a toxin which in turn can lead to microbe survival upon mutagenesis of the killswitch [7, 8, 9].</p><br>
+
Currently, there is no harmonized framework for kill switch design and construction. Team NUSgem aims to make engineering of such customised, effective kill switches easier. To this end, we are developing a library of characterized sensors, a killing and verification module which can be used in computer-aided design and modelling tool (such as <a href ="http://www.cellocad.org/"> CELLO</a> and <a href="http://advancesyn.com/"> AdvanceSyn Studio </a>) and can be readily modelled. As a proof of concept, we will focus on developing a kill switch for engineered probiotics for human health.</p>
  <p>To improve current switches, Team NUSgem proposes a novel passive biocontainment system for the human gut with enhanced specificity, safeguard and with a newly added function of verification . Our cascaded dual-biosensor killswitch is configured to achieve an OR gate logic upon detection of a physical (temperature) and chemical (phosphate) input to enhance specificity. Upon detection of a wastewater environment outside of the human body, the system will inhibit the expression of anti-toxin IM2, thereby allowing the constitutively produced toxin-endonuclease E2, to destroy the engineered probiotic. Our design purposefully places the E2 toxin gene in the probiotic’s genome to not only to create plasmid addiction of an IM2 plasmid, but also to safeguard against mutagenesis. Moreover, we use the bidirectional properties of the pTlpA36 temperature sensitive promoter to express the verification of engineered probiotic death. Added verifcation provides monitoring of the killswitch's effectivness which in turn, has the potential to used as a stimulus for a feedback-loop driven killswitch. </p>  
+
 
 +
<p>
 +
We are a team of 6 undergraduates and 1 recent graduate student from different disciplines including Biomedical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Science and Economics.</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
<div class="column smaller_section" style="float:right;margin-right:80px">  
+
<div class="column smaller_section">
  <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/90/NUS_IGEM_Lab_1.jpeg" alt="#" style="width:100%;height:300px;">
+
    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/3/31/NUS_2017_IGEM_badbacteria.png">
 +
    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/6b/NUS_2017_IGEM_goodbacteria.png">
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="clear"></div>
 +
<!--**************************************** Video with Explanation Section ****************************************-->
 +
<div class="video_container">
 +
    <video controls poster="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/91/NUS_2017_IGEM_outline_cover.png">
 +
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Latest revision as of 16:07, 1 November 2017

Making Engineering of Customised Kill Switches Easier

Many SynBio groups are engineering microbes that could one day be useful in detecting diseases, fighting cancer and monitoring heavy metals in rivers. However, engineered microbes may leak into the non-designated environment, posing threats to our natural ecosystem. This is a major hurdle towards the commercialization of engineered microbes. To address this, we need effective kill switches to prevent engineered microbes from escaping into the environment. However, existing kill switches have limitations and, more importantly, it is difficult to readily tailor make kill switches for different applications.


Currently, there is no harmonized framework for kill switch design and construction. Team NUSgem aims to make engineering of such customised, effective kill switches easier. To this end, we are developing a library of characterized sensors, a killing and verification module which can be used in computer-aided design and modelling tool (such as CELLO and AdvanceSyn Studio ) and can be readily modelled. As a proof of concept, we will focus on developing a kill switch for engineered probiotics for human health.

We are a team of 6 undergraduates and 1 recent graduate student from different disciplines including Biomedical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Science and Economics.

Learn More