Difference between revisions of "Team:NCTU Formosa/Protocol"

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</head>
 
</head>
  
<body>
 
    <div id="Navigation">
 
        <div class="head_pic">
 
            <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e9/Nav_pic.jpeg" width="150em"></a>
 
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                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Notebook</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Protocol"><span>Protocol</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Notebook"><span>Lab Notes</span></a></li>
 
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Team</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Team"><span>Team Introduction</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Attributions"><span>Attribution</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Achievement</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Medal_Criteria"><span>Medal Criteria</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Human Practice</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Collaborations"><span>Collaboration</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/HP/Silver"><span>HP Silver</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/HP/Gold_Integrated"><span>HP Gold Integrated</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Engagement"><span>Education and Public Engagement</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Parts</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Part"><span>Parts</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Basic_Part"><span>Basic Parts</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Composite_Part"><span>Composite Parts</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Web Lab</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Experiments"><span>Experiment Design</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Fungal_Experiment"><span>Fungal Experiment</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Fungal_Result"><span>Fungal Result</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Protein_Expression"><span>Protein Expression</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Safety"><span>Safety</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Modeling</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Model"><span>Peptide Prediction Model</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Disease_Occurrence_Model"><span>Disease Occurrence Model</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li class="active has-sub"><a href="#"><span>Project</span></a>
 
                    <ul>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Description"><span>Description</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Applied_Design"><span>Design</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Peptide_Prediction"><span>Peptide Prediction</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Disease_Occurrence_Prediction"><span>Disease Occurrence Prediction</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Demonstrate"><span>Demonstration</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Contribution"><span>Contribution</span></a></li>
 
                        <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Improve"><span>Improvement</span></a></li>
 
                    </ul>
 
                </li>
 
 
                <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa" id="Home"><span>Home</span></a></li>
 
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                            Peptide Prediction Model
 
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                            Disease Occurrence Model
 
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                            Experiment Design
 
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                            Fungal Experiment
 
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                            Protein Expression
 
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                            HP Silver
 
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                            HP Gold Integrated
 
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                            Education and Public Engagement
 
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                    <span class="expand_collapse_icon2">  </span> Achievement
 
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                            Medal Criteria
 
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                            Team Introduction
 
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                            Attribution
 
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z-index: 999;
 
}
 
 
/* this hides the scrollbar to keep view consistency */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrappe::-webkit-scrollbar {
 
display: none;
 
}
 
 
 
/* styling for links in the menu, removes the line under text */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper a {
 
text-decoration: none;
 
}
 
 
 
/* styling for the images in the menu */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper img {
 
width: 100%;
 
}
 
 
/* styling for the menu buttons */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .menu_button {
 
width: 100%;
 
padding: 10px 0px 10px 15px;
 
float:left;
 
border-bottom: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 
font-size: 12px;
 
font-weight: bold;
 
color: #5e5f5f;
 
cursor: pointer;
 
}
 
 
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .menu_bottom_padding {
 
width: 100%;
 
height: 30px;
 
float:left;
 
}
 
 
.menu_button.direct_to_page {
 
padding-left: 36px;
 
}
 
 
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .menu_button .expand_collapse_icon {
 
width:10%;
 
float:left;
 
}
 
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .menu_button .expand_collapse_icon::before {
 
content: "+";
 
}
 
 
.open::before {
 
content: "-" !important;
 
}
 
 
 
 
/* styling for the menu buttons on hover */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .menu_button:hover, .igem_2017_menu_wrapper .submenu_button:hover ,  .submenu_button.current_page:hover {
 
background-color: #3399ff;
 
text-decoration: none;
 
color:#ffffff;
 
}
 
 
/* styling for the menu button when it is the current page */
 
.current_page {
 
background-color:#7fc1f7  !important;
 
color:#5e5f5f !important;
 
}
 
 
 
/* styling for the submenu buttons */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .submenu_button {
 
width: 100%;
 
padding: 10px 0px 10px 34px;
 
float:left;
 
background-color:#f2f2f2;
 
border-bottom: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 
font-size: 12px;
 
color: #5e5f5f;
 
cursor: pointer;
 
}
 
 
/* wrapper for the submenu items, they are hidden by default*/
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .submenu_wrapper {
 
display:none;
 
}
 
 
/* when the page size is bigger than 800px, this show/hide control is hidden by default */
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper #display_menu_control {
 
display:none;
 
text-align:center;
 
}
 
 
 
/***************************************************** CONTENT OF THE PAGE ****************************************************/
 
 
/* Wrapper for the content */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper {
 
width: 81%;
 
margin: 2%;
 
display:block;
 
float:left;
 
background-color:white;
 
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
 
}
 
 
 
/********************************* HTML STYLING  *********************************/
 
 
/* styling for the titles h1 h2 */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper h1, .igem_2017_content_wrapper h2 {
 
padding:5px 15px;
 
border-bottom: 0px;
 
color: #3399ff;
 
}
 
 
 
/* styling for the titles  h3 h4 h5 h6*/
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper h3, .igem_2017_content_wrapper h4, .igem_2017_content_wrapper h5, .igem_2017_content_wrapper h6 {
 
padding:5px 15px;
 
border-bottom:0px;
 
color: #000000;
 
}
 
 
 
/* font and text */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper p {
 
padding: 0px 15px;
 
font-size: 13px;
 
}
 
 
/* Links */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper a {
 
font-weight: bold;
 
text-decoration: underline;
 
text-decoration-color: #3399ff;
 
color:  #3399ff;
 
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
-ms-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
}
 
 
/* hover for the links */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper a:hover {
 
text-decoration:none;
 
color:#000000;
 
}
 
 
/* non numbered lists */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper ul {
 
padding:0px 20px;
 
font-size: 13px;
 
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
 
}
 
 
/* numbered lists */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper ol {
 
padding:0px;
 
font-size: 13px;
 
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
 
}
 
 
/* Table */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper table {
 
width: 97%;
 
margin:15px 10px;
 
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 
border-collapse: collapse;
 
}
 
 
/* table cells */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper  td {
 
padding: 10px;
 
vertical-align: text-top;
 
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 
border-collapse: collapse;
 
}
 
 
/* table headers */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper th {
 
padding: 10px;
 
vertical-align: text-top;
 
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 
border-collapse: collapse;
 
background-color:#f2f2f2;
 
}
 
 
 
/**********************************LAYOUT CLASSES **********************************/
 
 
/* general class for column divs */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .column  {
 
padding: 10px 0px;
 
float:left;
 
}
 
 
/* class for a full width column */
 
.column .full_size {
 
width:100%;
 
}
 
 
/* styling for images in a full width column*/
 
.column.full_size img {
 
width:97%;
 
padding: 10px 15px;
 
}
 
 
/* class for a half width column */
 
.column.half_size {
 
width: 50%;
 
}
 
/* styling for images in a half width column*/
 
.column.half_size img {
 
width: 94.5%;
 
padding: 10px 15px;
 
}
 
 
 
 
 
/********************************* SUPPORT CLASSES ********************************/
 
 
/* class that clears content below*/
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .clear {
 
clear:both;
 
}
 
 
 
/* adds extra spacing when clearing content */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper  .clear.extra_space {
 
height: 30px;
 
}
 
 
 
/* highlight class, makes content slightly smaller */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .highlight {
 
margin: 0px 15px;
 
padding: 15px 0px;
 
}
 
 
 
/* highlight class, adds a gray background */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .highlight.gray {
 
background-color: #f2f2f2;
 
}
 
 
/* highlight with decoration blue line on top */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .highlight.blue_top {
 
    border-top: 4px solid #3399ff;
 
}
 
 
/* highlight with a full blue border decoration */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .highlight.blue_border {
 
    border: 4px solid  #3399ff;
 
}
 
 
 
/* button class */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .button{
 
max-width: 35%;
 
margin: 30px auto;
 
padding: 12px 10px;
 
    background-color: #3399ff;
 
    text-align: center;
 
  color: #ffffff;
 
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
-ms-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease; transition: all 0.4s ease;
 
}
 
 
/* styling for button on hover */
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper .button:hover{
 
background-color: #3399ff;
 
    color: #000000;
 
}
 
 
 
 
 
/***************************************************** RESPONSIVE STYLING ****************************************************/
 
 
/* IF THE SCREEN IS LESS THAN 1200PX */
 
@media only screen and (max-width: 1200px) {
 
 
#content {width:100%; }
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper {width:15%; right:0;}
 
.highlight {padding:10px 0px;}
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper #display_menu_control { display:none; }
 
#menu_content { display:block;}
 
.menu_button.direct_to_page {padding-left: 17px;}
 
 
}
 
 
/* IF THE SCREEN IS LESS THAN 800PX */
 
@media only screen and (max-width: 800px) {
 
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper { width:100%; height: 15%; position:relative; left:0%;}
 
.igem_2017_content_wrapper {width:100%; margin-left:0px;}
 
.column.half_size  {width:100%; }
 
.column.full_size img, .column.half_size img {  width: 100%; padding: 10px 0px;}
 
.highlight {padding:15px 5px;}
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper #display_menu_control { display:block; }
 
#menu_content { display:none;}
 
.igem_2017_menu_wrapper .menu_button .expand_collapse_icon { width: 5%; }
 
.menu_bottom_padding {display:none;}
 
.menu_button.direct_to_page { padding-left: 36px; }
 
}
 
 
 
 
 
/* special class that the system uses to make sure the team wants a page to be evaluated */
 
.judges-will-not-evaluate {
 
    width: 96.6%;
 
  margin: 5px 15px;
 
  display: block;
 
border: 4px solid #3399ff;
 
    font-weight: bold;
 
}
 
 
</style>
 
 
 
<!--- THIS IS WHERE THE HTML BEGINS --->
 
 
 
 
<head>
 
 
<!-- This tells the browser that your page is responsive -->
 
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
 
 
</head>
 
 
 
 
<div class="igem_2017_menu_wrapper" >
 
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa">
 
<img src="http://placehold.it/350x150">
 
</a>
 
 
 
<!-- this div is hidden by default and will only be displayed if the screen size is too small -->
 
<div class="menu_button" id="display_menu_control">
 
MENU
 
</div>
 
 
<div id="menu_content">
 
 
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa">
 
<div class="menu_button direct_to_page">
 
HOME
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
 
<div class="menu_button">
 
<div class="expand_collapse_icon">  </div> TEAM
 
</div>
 
 
<div class="submenu_wrapper" id="team_submenu">
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Team">
 
<div class="submenu_button" id="Team_page">
 
Team
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Collaborations">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Collaborations_page">
 
Collaborations
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
</div>
 
 
 
 
 
 
<div class="menu_button">
 
<div class="expand_collapse_icon">  </div> PROJECT
 
</div>
 
 
<!-- project submenu -->
 
<div class="submenu_wrapper">
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Description">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Description_page">
 
Description
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Design">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Design_page">
 
Design
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Experiments">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Experiments_page">
 
Experiments
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Notebook">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Notebook_page">
 
Notebook
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/InterLab">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="InterLab_page">
 
InterLab
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Contribution">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Contribution_page">
 
Contribution
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Model">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Model_page">
 
Model
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Results">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Results_page">
 
Results
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Demonstrate">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Demonstrate_page">
 
Demonstrate
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Improve">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Improve_page">
 
Improve
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Attributions">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Attributions_page">
 
Attributions
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
</div>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<div class="menu_button">
 
<div class="expand_collapse_icon">  </div> PARTS
 
</div>
 
 
<!-- parts submenu -->
 
<div class="submenu_wrapper">
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Parts">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Parts_page">
 
Parts
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Basic_Part">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Basic_Part_page">
 
Basic Parts
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Composite_Part">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Composite_Part_page">
 
Composite Parts
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Part_Collection">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Part_Collection_page">
 
Part Collection
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
</div>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Safety">
 
<div class="menu_button direct_to_page">
 
SAFETY
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<div class="menu_button" >
 
<div class="expand_collapse_icon">  </div> HUMAN PRACTICES
 
</div>
 
 
<!-- human practices submenu -->
 
<div class="submenu_wrapper">
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/HP/Silver">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Silver_page">
 
Silver HP
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/HP/Gold_Integrated">
 
<div class="submenu_button" id="Gold_Integrated_page">
 
Integrated and Gold
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Engagement">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Engagement_page">
 
Public Engagement
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
</div>
 
 
 
<div class="menu_button">
 
<div class="expand_collapse_icon">  </div> AWARDS
 
</div>
 
 
<!-- awards submenu -->
 
<div class="submenu_wrapper">
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Applied_Design">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Applied_Design_page">
 
Applied Design
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Entrepreneurship">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Entrepreneurship_page">
 
Entrepreneurship
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Hardware">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Hardware_page">
 
Hardware
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Measurement">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Measurement_page">
 
Measurement
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Model">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Model_page">
 
Model
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Plant">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Plant_page">
 
Plant
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Software">
 
<div class="submenu_button"  id="Software_page">
 
Software
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
</div>
 
 
<a href="https://igem.org/2017_Judging_Form?team=NCTU_Formosa">
 
<div class="menu_button direct_to_page">
 
JUDGING FORM
 
</div>
 
</a>
 
 
 
 
<div class="menu_bottom_padding" >
 
</div>
 
 
</div>
 
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
 
 
<head>
 
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
 
    <title>NCTU_Formosa: Protocol</title>
 
    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
 
    <script src="jQueryAssets/jquery-1.11.1.min.js"></script>
 
    <script src="jQueryAssets/jquery.ui-1.10.4.dialog.min.js"></script>
 
    <link href="notebook_lab_note.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
 
    <script src="notebook_lab_note.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0" />
 
 
<style>
 
body {
 
    margin: 0;
 
    padding: 0;
 
    overflow-x: hidden;
 
    height: 100vh;
 
}
 
 
html, body {
 
    overflow-x: hidden !important;
 
    -ms-overflow-x: hidden !important;
 
}
 
 
#fut {
 
    background: white;
 
    width: 100vw;
 
    height: 50px;
 
}
 
 
.line {
 
    position: relative;
 
    left: 10vw;
 
    top: 10vmax;
 
}
 
 
p {
 
    text-align: justify;
 
    font-size: 1.3em !important;
 
    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
 
    margin: 10px 0 0;
 
}
 
 
@font-face {
 
    font-family: neo_latina;
 
    src: url(https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/46/Neo-latina-demo-FFP.ttf);
 
}
 
 
.subtitle>h6 {
 
    font-family: neo_latina;
 
    font-size: 3.9em;
 
    position: relative;
 
    left: 25px;
 
    margin-top: 50px;
 
    margin-bottom: 10px;
 
}
 
 
.subtitle>h5{
 
    font-family: neo_latina;
 
    font-size: 1.95em;
 
    position: relative;
 
    left: 50px;
 
    margin-top: -10px;
 
    margin-bottom: 10px;
 
}
 
 
.protocol_content {
 
    margin: 10vh 10vw 0vh;
 
}
 
 
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
span>a:link {
 
    color: red;
 
}
 
 
span>a:visited {
 
    color: green;
 
}
 
 
span>a:hover {
 
    color: hotpink;
 
}
 
 
span>a:active {
 
    color: blue;
 
}
 
 
span>a {
 
    font-family: Arial;
 
    font-size: 1.3em;
 
}
 
 
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
.exp1, .exp2, .exp3, .exp4, .exp5, .exp6, .exp7, .exp8, .exp9, .exp10, .exp11{
 
    border-width: 2px;
 
    border-style: solid;
 
    border-color: #85CFEA;
 
    position: relative;
 
    margin-top: 0px;
 
    margin-bottom: 100px;
 
}
 
 
.show, .show2, .show3, .show4, .show5, .show6, .show7, .show8, .show9, .show10, .show11 {
 
    margin: 1vw 2vw;
 
}
 
 
.hide, .hide2, .hide3, .hide4, .hide5, .hide6, .hide7, .hide8, .hide9, .hide10, .hide11 {
 
    display: none;
 
    margin: 1vw 2vw;
 
}
 
 
.show_pic, .hide_pic, .show2_pic, .hide2_pic, .show3_pic, .hide3_pic, .show4_pic, .hide4_pic, .show5_pic, .hide5_pic, .show6_pic, .hide6_pic, .show7_pic, .hide7_pic, .show8_pic, .hide8_pic, .show9_pic, .hide9_pic, .show10_pic, .hide10_pic, .show11_pic, .hide11_pic {
 
    cursor: pointer;
 
    width: 100px;
 
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
 
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
 
    -o-transition: all 0.5s;
 
    -ms-transition: all 0.5s;
 
    transition: all 0.5s;
 
}
 
 
.show_pic:hover, .hide_pic:hover, .show2_pic:hover, .hide2_pic:hover, .show3_pic:hover, .hide3_pic:hover, .show4_pic:hover, .hide4_pic:hover, .show5_pic:hover, .hide5_pic:hover, .show6_pic:hover, .hide6_pic:hover, .show7_pic:hover, .hide7_pic:hover, .show8_pic:hover, .hide8_pic:hover {
 
    width: 130px;
 
}
 
.show9_pic:hover, .hide9_pic:hover , .show10_pic:hover, .hide10_pic:hover, .show11_pic:hover, .hide11_pic:hover {
 
    width: 130px;
 
}
 
 
.show>ol>li, .show2>ol>li, .show3>ol>li, .show4>ol>li, .show5>ol>li, .show6>ol>li, .show7>ol>li, .show8>ol>li, .show9>ol>li, .show10>ol>li, .show11>ol>li  {
 
    font-size: 1.2em;
 
    position: relative;
 
    left: 20px;
 
}
 
 
.hide>h1, .hide2>h1, .hide3>h1, .hide4>h1, .hide5>h1, .hide6>h1, .hide7>h1, .hide8>h1, .hide9>h1, .hide10>h1, .hide11>h1 {
 
    margin-top: 1vw;
 
}
 
 
.hide>ul>li, .hide2>ul>li, .hide3>ul>li, .hide4>ul>li, .hide5>ul>li, .hide6>ul>li, .hide7>ul>li, .hide8>ul>li, .hide9>ul>li, .hide10>ul>li, .hide11>ul>li {
 
    font-size: 1.2em;
 
    position: relative;
 
    left: 20px;
 
}
 
 
.hide>img, .hide2>img, .hide3>img, .hide4>img, .hide5>img, .hide6>img, .hide7>img, .hide8>img, .hide9>img, .hide10>img, .hide11>img {
 
    margin-bottom: 50px;
 
}
 
 
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
</style>
 
<!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
<script>
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".show_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide").show(500);
 
        $(".show").hide();
 
    });
 
});
 
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".hide_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide").hide();
 
        $(".show").show(500);
 
    });
 
});
 
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".show2_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide2").show(500);
 
        $(".show2").hide();
 
    });
 
});
 
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".hide2_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide2").hide();
 
        $(".show2").show(500);
 
    });
 
});
 
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".show3_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide3").show(500);
 
        $(".show3").hide();
 
    });
 
});
 
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".hide3_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide3").hide();
 
        $(".show3").show(500);
 
    });
 
});
 
 
$(document).ready(function(){
 
    $(".show4_pic").click(function(){
 
        $(".hide4").show(500);
 
        $(".show4").hide();
 
    });
 
});
 
 
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<!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
 
</head>
 
  
 
<body>
 
<body>
Line 2,300: Line 854:
 
             <div class="show">
 
             <div class="show">
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                 <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi </p>
+
                 <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi </p>
 
                 <div><img class="show_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                 <div><img class="show_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
             </div>
 
             </div>
 
             <div class="hide">
 
             <div class="hide">
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                 <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi </p>
+
                 <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi </p>
 
                 <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                 <ul>
 
                 <ul>
Line 2,318: Line 872:
 
                 <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                 <ol>
 
                 <ol>
                     <li>The ratio of PDA powder and ddH<sub>2</sub>O is 39g : 1000mL. To prevent the liquid spill out from Serum bottles, we usually have only 300mL of the liquid in a 500mL Serum bottle. </li>
+
                     <li>The ratio of PDA powder and ddH2O is 39g : 1000ml. To prevent the liquid spill out from Serum bottles, we usually have only 300ml of the liquid in a 500ml Serum bottle. </li>
 
                     <li>Loosen the bottle cap for a bit, and put it into the autoclave. </li>
 
                     <li>Loosen the bottle cap for a bit, and put it into the autoclave. </li>
 
                     <li>Screw the bottle cap tight to cool down. If the liquid becomes solid, heat it up with a microwave oven. </li>
 
                     <li>Screw the bottle cap tight to cool down. If the liquid becomes solid, heat it up with a microwave oven. </li>
                     <li>Bring the bottle into the Hood, disinfect bottleneck with alcohol burner. Pour out the liquid to plates, each plate can hold 15~20mL of the PDA liquid. Shake the plate smoothly and make the liquid surface flat.</li>
+
                     <li>Bring the bottle into the Hood, disinfect bottleneck with alcohol burner. Pour out the liquid to plates, each plate can hold 15~20ml of the PDA liquid. Shake the plate smoothly and make the liquid surface flat.</li>
 
                     <li>Keep the plates in normal temperature or in 4 °C refrigerator </li>
 
                     <li>Keep the plates in normal temperature or in 4 °C refrigerator </li>
 
                 </ol>
 
                 </ol>
Line 2,331: Line 885:
 
         <div class="subtitle">
 
         <div class="subtitle">
 
             <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
             <h6>Experiment:</h6>
             <h5>- Concentration test for spore suspension </h5>
+
             <h5>- Dual culture technique </h5>
 
         </div>
 
         </div>
 
         <div class="exp2">
 
         <div class="exp2">
 
             <div class="show2">
 
             <div class="show2">
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                 <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To test concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
+
                 <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To test the antifungal activity of peptides comparing to negative control.</p>
 
                 <div><img class="show2_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                 <div><img class="show2_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
             </div>
 
             </div>
 
             <div class="hide2">
 
             <div class="hide2">
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                 <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi </p>
+
                 <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To test the antifungal activity of peptides comparing to negative control. </p>
 
                 <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                 <ul>
 
                 <ul>
                     <li>75% Alcohol</li>
+
                     <li>Drugs (ex: NaN<sub>3</sub>, peptides…)</li>
                     <li>ddH<sub>2</sub>O</li>
+
                     <li>Hole puncher (tips are recommended)</li>
 +
                    <li>PDA (Potato dextrose agar) plate</li>
 +
                    <li>Fungi plates</li>
 +
                    <li>Parafilm</li>
 
                     <li>Alcohol burner</li>
 
                     <li>Alcohol burner</li>
                     <li>Hemocytometer</li>
+
                     <li>Tweezers</li>
                     <li>Fungi plates</li>
+
                      
                    <li>Glass Cell Spreaders</li>
+
                    <li>Pipet</li>
+
                    <li>Gauze</li>
+
                    <li>Centrifuge</li>
+
                    <li>Beaker</li>
+
 
                 </ul>
 
                 </ul>
 
                 <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                 <ol>
 
                 <ol>
                     <li>Choose the fungi plate you want (age, growing situation…etc) </li>
+
                     <li>Culture some plates of fungi. </li>
                     <li>Put the plate and equipment inside the Hood. If the spore is easy to fly in the air, please switch off the exhaust fan.</li>
+
                     <li>Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect tools with an alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cooling tools down.</li>
                     <li>Add ddH<sub>2</sub>O to the plate until water covers the surface of the plate. (You may use the pipet.) This step you can also use gauze to filter impurity.</li>
+
                     <li>Pick up fungi on the outer cycle (peripheral part) of a plate (the latest part of fungi plate) with tip. Dig into the previous PDA plate and pick up a piece of agar with fungi, remove it onto a new PDA plate, put the piece in the center of the plate.</li>
                     <li>Disinfect the glass cell spreaders with an alcohol burner, after cooling down, scrape the plate softly so the spore would be in the water. </li>
+
                     <li>Disinfect tools with an alcohol burner. Seal up the plate with Parafilm, and label on the name of fungi, date and so on. </li>
                     <li>Remove the water in the plate to a beaker (You may use gauze to filter impurity). Now you got a spore suspension liquid with unknown concentration.</li>
+
                     <li>Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect tools with an alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cooling tools down.</li>
                     <li>Clean the Hemocytometer with 75% alcohol and wipe it with lens paper, so as not to make a scratch on it. Put the coverslip on the Hemocytometer, and inject 10mL spore suspension liquid from the tiny chamber beside. The spore suspension
+
                     <li>Dig holes on the plate with tweezers, the position of the holes should be 0.5cm far away along the radius from the position of latest mycelium as the picture shows.</li>
                        should cover all the square of the Hemocytometer.</li>
+
                     <li>Introduce the testing drug into the hole (different concentration of peptides, HEPES for our experiments)</li>
                     <li>Put the Hemocytometer under a microscope, and observe the spore.</li>
+
                     <li>Disinfect tools with alcohol burner. Seal up the plate with Parafilm.</li>
                     <li>Count the amount of the spore in the square, and calculate the concentration. Add water if it’s concentration is too high; centrifuge the liquid if the concentration is too low. Finally, you got a spore suspension liquid with a known
+
                    <li>Observe how the mycelium grow</li>
                        concentration.</li>
+
                   
 +
               
 
                 </ol>
 
                 </ol>
 +
               
 
                 <div><img class="hide2_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                 <div><img class="hide2_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
             </div>
 
             </div>
Line 2,380: Line 934:
 
             <div class="show3">
 
             <div class="show3">
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                 <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To test the concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
+
                 <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To test the concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
 
                 <div><img class="show3_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                 <div><img class="show3_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
             </div>
 
             </div>
 
             <div class="hide3">
 
             <div class="hide3">
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                 <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To test the concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
+
                 <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To test the concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
 
                 <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                 <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                 <ul>
 
                 <ul>
Line 2,397: Line 951:
 
                     <li>Fungi plates</li>
 
                     <li>Fungi plates</li>
 
                     <li>Glass Cell Spreaders</li>
 
                     <li>Glass Cell Spreaders</li>
                     <li>10µL pipet</li>
+
                     <li>10ul pipet</li>
 
                     <li>Gauze</li>
 
                     <li>Gauze</li>
 
                     <li>Centrifuge</li>
 
                     <li>Centrifuge</li>
Line 2,410: Line 964:
 
                 <ol>
 
                 <ol>
 
                     <li>Choose fungi plates that have produced spores.</li>
 
                     <li>Choose fungi plates that have produced spores.</li>
                     <li>(It is recommended to experiment in a laminar flow (hood). Add ddH<sub>2</sub>O to the plate until water covers the surface of the plate.</li>
+
                     <li>(It is recommended to experiment in a laminar flow (hood). Add ddH2O to the plate until water covers the surface of the plate.</li>
 
                     <li>Disinfect the glass cell spreaders with an alcohol burner, after cooling down, scrape the plate softly so the spore would be in the water.</li>
 
                     <li>Disinfect the glass cell spreaders with an alcohol burner, after cooling down, scrape the plate softly so the spore would be in the water.</li>
 
                     <li>Remove the water in the plate to a beaker (You may filter out impurity with gauze). Now you got a spore suspension liquid with unknown concentration.</li>
 
                     <li>Remove the water in the plate to a beaker (You may filter out impurity with gauze). Now you got a spore suspension liquid with unknown concentration.</li>
                     <li>Clean the Hemocytometer with 75% alcohol and wipe it clean with lens cleaning paper, so as not to make any scratch on it. Put the coverslip on the Hemocytometer, and inject 10mL spore suspension liquid from the tiny chamber beside.
+
                     <li>Clean the Hemocytometer with 75%alcohol and wipe it clean with lens cleaning paper, so as not to make any scratch on it. Put the coverslip on the Hemocytometer, and inject 10ml spore suspension liquid from the tiny chamber beside.
 
                         The spore suspension should cover all the square of the Hemocytometer. </li>
 
                         The spore suspension should cover all the square of the Hemocytometer. </li>
 
                     <li>Put the Hemocytometer under a microscope, and observe the spore.</li>
 
                     <li>Put the Hemocytometer under a microscope, and observe the spore.</li>
 
                     <li>Count the amount of the spore in the square, and calculate the concentration. Add water if it’s concentration is too high; centrifuge the liquid if the concentration is too low. Finally, you got a spore suspension liquid with concentration
 
                     <li>Count the amount of the spore in the square, and calculate the concentration. Add water if it’s concentration is too high; centrifuge the liquid if the concentration is too low. Finally, you got a spore suspension liquid with concentration
                         you know. We would like to prepare spore suspension liquid with the concentration of 1.5*10^5 spores/mL for our experiments.</li>
+
                         you know. We would like to prepare spore suspension liquid with the concentration of 1.5*10^5 spores/ml for our experiments.</li>
                     <li>Mixed 5µL spore suspension liquid with 5µL 2% glucose solution and 5µL peptide together into a PCR tube (It is recommended for pipetting 50 times to ensure that there is a mix of uniform).</li>
+
                     <li>Mixed 5ul spore suspension liquid with 5ul 2% glucose solution and 5ul peptide together into a PCR tube (It is recommended for pipetting 50 times to ensure that there is a mix of uniform).</li>
                     <li>Draw 15μl of the solution from PCR tube to the double concave slide, and put the slide into a Petri dish. Add some ddH<sub>2</sub>O around the slide, in order to create an environment of 100% relative humidity so that the liquid would note evaporate
+
                     <li>Draw 15μl of the solution from PCR tube to the double concave slide, and put the slide into a Petri dish. Add some ddH2O around the slide, in order to create an environment of 100% relative humidity so that the liquid would note evaporate
 
                         easily.</li>
 
                         easily.</li>
                     <p>這裡有圖</p>
+
                      
 
                     <li>After incubating under 20℃ for 6 hours, we observe and classify the spores into four grades according to the length of the germination tube, calculate the percentage of each germination grade of each sample.</li>
 
                     <li>After incubating under 20℃ for 6 hours, we observe and classify the spores into four grades according to the length of the germination tube, calculate the percentage of each germination grade of each sample.</li>
                    <p>這裡有圖</p>
+
                 
 
                 </ol>
 
                 </ol>
 
                 <div><img class="hide3_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                 <div><img class="hide3_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
Line 2,436: Line 990:
 
                 <div class="show4">
 
                 <div class="show4">
 
                     <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                     <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                     <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To separate infected plant tissue and cultivate pathogen fungi</p>
+
                     <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To separate infected plant tissue and cultivate pathogen fungi</p>
 
                     <div><img class="show4_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                     <div><img class="show4_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                 </div>
 
                 </div>
 
                 <div class="hide4">
 
                 <div class="hide4">
 
                     <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                     <h1>Purpose:</h1>
                     <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To separate infected plant tissue and cultivate pathogen fungi</p>
+
                     <p> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To separate infected plant tissue and cultivate pathogen fungi</p>
 
                     <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                     <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                     <ul>
 
                     <ul>
Line 2,456: Line 1,010:
 
                     <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                     <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                     <ol>
 
                     <ol>
                         <li>Soak the plant tissue to sterilization: All parts of plants should soak in alcohol for 1 minute. For leaves, skim over NaClO for a few times; for roots, soak in NaClO for 1 minute; for mature stem parts, soak in NaClO for 20~30
+
                         <li>Soak the plant tissue to sterilization: All parts of plant should soak in alcohol for 1 minute. For leaves, skim over NaClO for a few times; for roots, soak in NaClO for 1 minute; for mature stem parts, soak in NaClO for 20~30
                             seconds; for tender stems, skim over NaClO for a few times. All of these parts should be washed with ddH<sub>2</sub>O.</li>
+
                             seconds; for tender stems, skim over NaClO for a few times. All of these parts should be washed with ddH 2 O.</li>
                         <li>Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect knives and tweezers with an alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cool down.</li>
+
                         <li>Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect knifes and tweezers with alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cool down.</li>
                         <li>Cut the infected plant tissue for an area of 5mm, remove them all to new PDA plates. The side with hypha should put downward, and be towed on the plate. The amount of tissue which is put on one single plate depends on the range
+
                         <li>Cut the infected plant tissue for an area of 5mm 2 , remove them all to new PDA plates. The side with hypha should put downward, and be towed on the plate. The amount of tissue which are put on one single plate depends on the range
 
                             of cutting area.</li>
 
                             of cutting area.</li>
 
                         <li>Seal up the plate with Parafilm, and label on the name of fungi, date and so on.</li>
 
                         <li>Seal up the plate with Parafilm, and label on the name of fungi, date and so on.</li>
Line 2,469: Line 1,023:
  
 
             <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
             <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
            <div class="subtitle">
 
                <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                <h5>- Concentration test for spore suspension</h5>
 
                <div class="exp5">
 
                    <div class="show5">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To test concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
 
                        <div><img class="show5_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide5">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;To test concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.</p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>75% Alcohol</li>
 
                            <li>ddH<sub>2</sub>O</li>
 
                            <li>Alcohol burner</li>
 
                            <li>Hemocytometer</li>
 
                            <li>Fungi plates</li>
 
                            <li>Glass Cell Spreaders</li>
 
                            <li>Pipet</li>
 
                            <li>Gauze</li>
 
                            <li>Centrifuge</li>
 
                            <li>Beaker</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <li>Choose the fungi plate you want (age, growing situation…etc)</li>
 
                            <li>Put the plate and equipment inside the Hood. If the spore is easy to fly in the air, please switch off the exhaust fan.</li>
 
                            <li>Add ddH<sub>2</sub>O to the plate until water covers the surface of the plate. (You may use the pipet.) This step you can also use gauze to filter impurity.</li>
 
                            <li>Disinfect the glass cell spreaders with alcohol burner, after cooling down, scrape the plate softly so the spore would be in the water.</li>
 
                            <li>Remove the water in the plate to a beaker (You may use gauze to filter impurity). Now you got a spore suspension liquid with unknown concentration.
 
                            </li>
 
                            <li>Clean the Hemocytometer with 75% alcohol and wipe it with lens paper, so as not to make a scratch on it. Put the coverslip on the Hemocytometer, and inject 10mL spore suspension liquid from the tiny chamber beside. The spore suspension should cover all the square of the Hemocytometer.</li>
 
                            <li>Put the Hemocytometer under a microscope, and observe the spore.</li>
 
                            <li>Count the amount of the spore in the square, and calculate the concentration. Add water if it’s concentration is too high; centrifuge the liquid if the concentration is too low. Finally, you got a spore suspension liquid with
 
                                a known concentration</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide5_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
  
                <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
                <div class="subtitle">
 
                    <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                    <h5>- <i>E.-coli</i>-DHα-growth-rate-in-arsenic-solution</h5>
 
                </div>
 
                <div class="exp6">
 
                    <div class="show6">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Measure the <i>E. coli</i> DH5α growth rate arsenic solution. </p>
 
                        <div><img class="show6_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide6">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Measure the <i>E. coli</i> DH5α growth rate arsenic solution. </p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>DH5α pc DNA (ctrl) on LB agar plates</li>
 
                            <li>SOC broth</li>
 
                            <li>Amp (1000 X)</li>
 
                            <li>15 mL tube, 50 mL tube</li>
 
                            <li>96 well plate</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <br />Rpm:
 
                            <li>Culture 3 tubes of 2mL <i>E. coli</i> overnight by 15mL centrifuge tubes. (2mL SOC, 2µL AMP)</li>
 
                            <li>Put them to the same tube at the next day, then add 6mL of SOC broth (water bath 37°C for 5 min. before use) and 12µL AMP for a 2-fold dilution.</li>
 
                            <li>Take 5mL SOC broth for to a 15mL centrifuge tube for blank. </li>
 
                            <li>Aliquot the bacterial broth into six 15mL centrifuge tubes (2mL for each), then culture for 2 hours.</li>
 
                            <li>Measure OD 595 </li>
 
                            <li>Dilute to OD 0.312. More than 12mL </li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <br />Rpm80:
 
                            <li>100, 50, 30, 10, 1ppm arsenic solutions, use ddH2O in control group</li>
 
                            <li>Dilute the E. coli broth to 50 fold by SOC broth (0.6mL <i>E. coli</i> broth+0.3mL Arsenic solutuin+30µL AMP 29.1mL SOC broth)</li>
 
                            <li>Measure OD at 0min. measure every 30 min. Blank is needed every time.</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide6_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
 
                <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
                <div class="subtitle">
 
                    <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                    <h5>- Growth curve of <i>E. coli</i> with fMT plasmid in arsenic solution of different concentration</h5>
 
                </div>
 
                <div class="exp7">
 
                    <div class="show7">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Measure the time curve of <i>E. coli</i> chelating arsenic of 20 ppm. </p>
 
                        <div><img class="show7_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide7">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Measure the time curve of <i>E. coli</i> chelating arsenic of 20 ppm. </p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>DH5α as plasmid on LB agar plates</li>
 
                            <li><i>E. coli</i> (chelate) on LB agar plates</li>
 
                            <li><i>E. coli</i> (GFP positive control) on LB agar plates</li>
 
                            <li>LB broth</li>
 
                            <li>CP (1000 X)</li>
 
                            <li>Arsenic stock (10^5ppm)</li>
 
                            <li>15mL tube, 50mL tube</li>
 
                            <li>96 well plate</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <li>Culture 6 tubes of 2 mL <i>E. coli</i>(chelate) and 2 tubes of <i>E. coli</i>(GFP positive control) overnight by 15 mL centrifuge tubes (2mL SOC, 2µL CP)</li>
 
                            <li>Prepare another 8 tubes and mark them as the tubes cultured last night</li>
 
                            <li>Perform a two-fold dilution for the tubes cultured last night and take out 2mL bacteria liquid of each group to the corresponding tube prepared </li>
 
                            <li>Add 2µL CP in each tube.</li>
 
                            <li>Culture the tubes for another two hours</li>
 
                            <li>Measure  the OD of each tube (wavelenght 595) </li>
 
                            <li>Dilute all tubes to O.D. 0.5 by LB. (More than )</li>
 
                            <li>Prepare and mark 50 mL tubes as chart below. Culture the tubes.</li>
 
                            <li>Take out the tubes from incubator.</li><br />
 
                            <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/0d/Protocol_fMt_1-1.png" width="800" height="250">
 
                            <ol>
 
                                Each tube contains
 
                                <li>29.1 mL LB</li>
 
                                <li>0.6 mL bacteria liquid OD=0.5</li>
 
                                <li>0.3 mL arsenic solution</li>
 
                                <li> 30µL CP</li>
 
                            </ol>
 
                            <br />Step 10-18 should be performed after Xhr X=the time marked on the tube
 
                            <li>Centrifuge the 50mL tubes by 6000 g/10 min</li>
 
                            <li>Take out the supernatant and preserve in -80°C</li>
 
                            <li>Add 10mL PBS to each tube</li>
 
                            <li>Centrifuge by 6000 g/10 min</li>
 
                            <li> Abandon PBS supernatant and add in 15mL ddH<sub>2</sub>O</li>
 
                            <li>Separate the liquid into fifteen full eppendorfs. Centrifuge by 12000 g/5 min</li>
 
                            <li>Abandon ddH<sub>2</sub>O supernatant and add in 10mL ddH<sub>2</sub>O</li>
 
                            <li> Centrifuge by 12000 g/5 min</li>
 
                            <li>Combine the bacteria into one tube</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide7_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
 
                <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
                <div class="subtitle">
 
                    <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                    <h5>- Function test of GFP biosensor in different concentration of Chinese medicine</h5>
 
                </div>
 
                <div class="exp8">
 
                    <div class="show8">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test the fluorescence intensity of GFP biosensor in different concentration of Chinese medicine. </p>
 
                        <div><img class="show8_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide8">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test the fluorescence intensity of GFP biosensor in different concentration of Chinese medicine. </p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>DH5α pc DNA (ctrl) on agar plates</li>
 
                            <li>LB broth</li>
 
                            <li>Cp (1000 X)</li>
 
                            <li>15mL tube</li>
 
                            <li>96 well plate</li>
 
                            <li>Pipette</li>
 
                            <li>As solution</li>
 
                            <li>Chinese medicine</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <li>Culture three tubes of 2mL <i>E. coli</i> GFP biosensor with 2µL CP+ , and culture one tube of 2mL <i>E. coli</i> positive control with 2µL CP+ in the other tube.</li>
 
                            <li>Put both tubes into 37°C incubator for 16hr </li>
 
                            <li>Make a 2-fold dilution, separate the GFP biosensor into eight tubes and the positive control into two tubes. add in 2µL CP+ in each tube </li>
 
                            <li>Culture the ten tubes for another 2 hours</li>
 
                            <li>Measure the Obstacle Density of the GFP biosensor and the positive control </li>
 
                            <li>Prepare a tube that contains 12mL bacteria liquid, which has a 0.500 Obstacle Density </li>
 
                            <ul>
 
                                <li>Note: v=original bacteria amount(µL) , X=LB amount (µL)</li>
 
                                0.5=v*bacteria OD/v+X
 
                                <br />v+X=3000
 
                            </ul>
 
                            <li>Prepare tubes as the chart below</li>
 
                            <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/60/Protocol_GFP_1-1.png" width="800" height="250">
 
                            <br /><br /><li>Add in 4.85mL 37°C LB, 0.1mL bacteria liquid, 0.05mL Chinese medicine and 5µL CP+</li>
 
                            <li>Put these tubes into 37°C incubator </li>
 
                            <li>Measure the Obstacle Density and Fluorescence of each tube after 4, 5, 6 hours.</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide8_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
 
                <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
                <div class="subtitle">
 
                    <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                    <h5>- Growth rate test of LacZ α biosensor on different concentration of arsenic(V)</h5>
 
                </div>
 
                <div class="exp9">
 
                    <div class="show9">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test the growth rate of LacZ α biosensor on different concentration of As<sup>5+</sup>. </p>
 
                        <div><img class="show9_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide9">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test the growth rate of LacZ α biosensor on different concentration of As<sup>5+</sup>. </p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>DH5⍺ pc DNA(crtl) on agar plate</li>
 
                            <li>SOC broth</li>
 
                            <li>Cp (1000x)</li>
 
                            <li>As<sup>5+</sup> solution 100,1000,3000,5000,10000 ppm</li>
 
                            <li>ddH<sub>2</sub>O</li>
 
                            <li>15mL tube</li>
 
                            <li>50mL tube</li>
 
                            <li>96 well plate</li>
 
                            <li>pipet</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <li>Take a 15mL tube. Culture 2mL <i>E. coli</i> LacZ ⍺ biosensor by SOC with 2µL Cp.</li>
 
                            <li>Put the tube into 37°C incubator for 15 hr.</li>
 
                            <li>Take 1mL of the bacteria liquid with 1mL SOC, and 2µL Cp into a new 15mL tube to perform a 2-fold solution. </li>
 
                            <li>Put the tube into 37°C incubator for 2hr.</li>
 
                            <li>Take 200µL of the solution to the 96 well plate. </li>
 
                            <li>Measure OD595 </li>
 
                            <li>Dilute the bacteria liquid to OD=0.312/1.2mL</li>
 
                            <li>Take 18 15mL tubes.(0ppm,1ppm,10ppm,30ppm,50ppm,100ppm. 3 tube for every concentration)</li>
 
                            <li>Add 29.1mL SOC, 30µL Cp, 300µL As5+ solution, 600µL bacteria liquid to each tube.</li>
 
                            <li>Measure OD595 every 30 minutes for 7.5 hours.</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide9_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
 
                <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
                <div class="subtitle">
 
                    <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                    <h5>- LacZ ⍺ biosensor pretest</h5>
 
                </div>
 
                <div class="exp10">
 
                    <div class="show10">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test if the LacZ ⍺ biosensor can produce blue deposit in different As<sup>5+</sup> condition. </p>
 
                        <div><img class="show10_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide10">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test if the LacZ ⍺ biosensor can produce blue deposit in different As<sup>5+</sup> condition. </p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>DH5⍺ pc DNA(crtl) on agar plate</li>
 
                            <li>LB broth</li>
 
                            <li>Cp (1000x)</li>
 
                            <li>X-gal</li>
 
                            <li>As<sup>5+</sup> solution 1000ppm, 10000ppm</li>
 
                            <li>ddH<sub>2</sub>O</li>
 
                            <li>15mL tube</li>
 
                            <li>pipet</li>
 
                            <li>PBS</li>
 
                            <li>96 well plate</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <li>Culture two tubes of <i>E. coli</i> LacZ ⍺ biosensor for four hours</li>
 
                            <li>Prepare twenty one 15ml tubes, mark them as below</li><br />
 
                            <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Protocol_GFP_2-1.png" width="800" height="250">
 
                            <li>Make each tube contain 1900µL LB, bacteria liquid, 40µL Xgal and 20µL metal concentration </li>
 
                            <li>Culture the twenty one tubes for 16 hours</li>
 
                            <li>Take 200µL of the solution to the 96 well plate. </li>
 
                            <li>Measure OD595 </li>
 
                            <li>After culturing, centrifuge the bacteria liquid by12000G, 5min</li>
 
                            <li>Remove the supernatant</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide10_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
 
                <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->
 
                <div class="subtitle">
 
                    <h6>Experiment:</h6>
 
                    <h5>- Specificity test of GFP biosensor in arsenic(V) , copper(Ⅱ), and lead(Ⅱ)</h5>
 
                </div>
 
                <div class="exp11">
 
                    <div class="show11">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test the specificity of GFP biosensor in different concentration of As<sup>5+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2+</sup> solutions. </p>
 
                        <div><img class="show11_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4f/Ptp_hide.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                    <div class="hide11">
 
                        <h1>Purpose:</h1>
 
                        <p> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Test the specificity of GFP biosensor in different concentration of As<sup>5+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Pb<sup>2+</sup> solutions. </p>
 
                        <h1>Drugs and equipment:</h1>
 
                        <ul>
 
                            <li>DH5⍺ pc DNA(crtl) on agar plate</li>
 
                            <li>SOC broth</li>
 
                            <li>Cp (1000x)</li>
 
                            <li>15 ml tube</li>
 
                            <li>96 well plate</li>
 
                            <li>Pipette</li>
 
                            <li>As<sup>5+</sup> solution</li>
 
                            <li>Cu<sup>2+</sup> solution</li>
 
                            <li>Pb<sup>2+</sup> solution</li>
 
                        </ul>
 
                        <h1>Process:</h1>
 
                        <ol>
 
                            <li>Culture three tubes of 2mL <i>E. coli</i> GFP biosensor with 2µL CP<sup>+</sup> , and culture one tube of 2ml <i>E. coli</i> positive control with 2µL CP<sup>+</sup> in the other tube.</li>
 
                            <li>Put both tubes into 37°C incubator for 16hr</li>
 
                            <li>Make a 2-fold dilution, separate the GFP biosensor into eight tubes and the positive control into two tubes. add in 2µL CP<sup>+</sup> in each tube </li>
 
                            <li>Culture the ten tubes for another 2 hours</li>
 
                            <li>Measure the Obstacle Density of the GFP biosensor and the positive control</li>
 
                            <li>Prepare a tube that contains 12ml bacteria liquid, which has a 0.500 Obstacle Density</li>
 
                            <ul>
 
                                <li>Note: v=original bacteria amount(µL) , X=SOC amount (ul)</li>
 
                                0.5=v*bacteria OD/v+X
 
                                <br/>v+X=3000
 
                            </ul>
 
                            <li>Prepare tubes as the chart below</li>
 
                            <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/1/1f/Protocol_LacZ_2-1.png" width="800" height="250"><br />
 
                            <li>Add in 4.8ml 37°C SOC, 0.1ml bacteria liquid, 0.05 mL ion solution and 5µL CP<sup>+</sup>.</li>
 
                            <li>Put these tubes into 37°C incubator </li>
 
                            <li>Measure the Obstacle Density and Fluorescence of each tube after 4 hours.</li>
 
                        </ol>
 
                        <div><img class="hide11_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/Ptp_show.png" style="display:block; margin:auto;"></div>
 
                    </div>
 
                </div>
 
 
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                                <li><b>Notebook</b></li>
 
                                <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Protocol">Protocol</a></li>
 
                                <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Notebook">Lab Notes</a></li>
 
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Team:NCTU Formosa/Protocol

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Wet Lab Protocol
NCTU_Formosa Protocol
Experiment:
- Preparation for Potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates

Purpose:

     To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi

Purpose:

     To prepare solid medium to civilize the fungi

Drugs and equipment:

  • PDA powder
  • ddH2O
  • Petri dishes
  • Serum bottle
  • Microwave oven
  • Autoclave
  • Alcohol burner

Process:

  1. The ratio of PDA powder and ddH2O is 39g : 1000ml. To prevent the liquid spill out from Serum bottles, we usually have only 300ml of the liquid in a 500ml Serum bottle.
  2. Loosen the bottle cap for a bit, and put it into the autoclave.
  3. Screw the bottle cap tight to cool down. If the liquid becomes solid, heat it up with a microwave oven.
  4. Bring the bottle into the Hood, disinfect bottleneck with alcohol burner. Pour out the liquid to plates, each plate can hold 15~20ml of the PDA liquid. Shake the plate smoothly and make the liquid surface flat.
  5. Keep the plates in normal temperature or in 4 °C refrigerator
Experiment:
- Dual culture technique

Purpose:

     To test the antifungal activity of peptides comparing to negative control.

Purpose:

     To test the antifungal activity of peptides comparing to negative control.

Drugs and equipment:

  • Drugs (ex: NaN3, peptides…)
  • Hole puncher (tips are recommended)
  • PDA (Potato dextrose agar) plate
  • Fungi plates
  • Parafilm
  • Alcohol burner
  • Tweezers

Process:

  1. Culture some plates of fungi.
  2. Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect tools with an alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cooling tools down.
  3. Pick up fungi on the outer cycle (peripheral part) of a plate (the latest part of fungi plate) with tip. Dig into the previous PDA plate and pick up a piece of agar with fungi, remove it onto a new PDA plate, put the piece in the center of the plate.
  4. Disinfect tools with an alcohol burner. Seal up the plate with Parafilm, and label on the name of fungi, date and so on.
  5. Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect tools with an alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cooling tools down.
  6. Dig holes on the plate with tweezers, the position of the holes should be 0.5cm far away along the radius from the position of latest mycelium as the picture shows.
  7. Introduce the testing drug into the hole (different concentration of peptides, HEPES for our experiments)
  8. Disinfect tools with alcohol burner. Seal up the plate with Parafilm.
  9. Observe how the mycelium grow
Experiment:
- Spore germination percentage

Purpose:

     To test the concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.

Purpose:

     To test the concentration of spore suspension liquid and calculate germination rate.

Drugs and equipment:

  • 75% Alcohol
  • 2% glucose solution
  • ddH2O
  • HEPES buffer
  • Peptides
  • Alcohol burner
  • Hemocytometer
  • Fungi plates
  • Glass Cell Spreaders
  • 10ul pipet
  • Gauze
  • Centrifuge
  • Beaker*2
  • Petri dishes
  • Lens cleaning paper
  • Microscope
  • Slide glass with 2 Cavities
  • Counter

Process:

  1. Choose fungi plates that have produced spores.
  2. (It is recommended to experiment in a laminar flow (hood). Add ddH2O to the plate until water covers the surface of the plate.
  3. Disinfect the glass cell spreaders with an alcohol burner, after cooling down, scrape the plate softly so the spore would be in the water.
  4. Remove the water in the plate to a beaker (You may filter out impurity with gauze). Now you got a spore suspension liquid with unknown concentration.
  5. Clean the Hemocytometer with 75%alcohol and wipe it clean with lens cleaning paper, so as not to make any scratch on it. Put the coverslip on the Hemocytometer, and inject 10ml spore suspension liquid from the tiny chamber beside. The spore suspension should cover all the square of the Hemocytometer.
  6. Put the Hemocytometer under a microscope, and observe the spore.
  7. Count the amount of the spore in the square, and calculate the concentration. Add water if it’s concentration is too high; centrifuge the liquid if the concentration is too low. Finally, you got a spore suspension liquid with concentration you know. We would like to prepare spore suspension liquid with the concentration of 1.5*10^5 spores/ml for our experiments.
  8. Mixed 5ul spore suspension liquid with 5ul 2% glucose solution and 5ul peptide together into a PCR tube (It is recommended for pipetting 50 times to ensure that there is a mix of uniform).
  9. Draw 15μl of the solution from PCR tube to the double concave slide, and put the slide into a Petri dish. Add some ddH2O around the slide, in order to create an environment of 100% relative humidity so that the liquid would note evaporate easily.
  10. After incubating under 20℃ for 6 hours, we observe and classify the spores into four grades according to the length of the germination tube, calculate the percentage of each germination grade of each sample.
Experiment:
- Separation of infected plant tissue

Purpose:

     To separate infected plant tissue and cultivate pathogen fungi

Purpose:

     To separate infected plant tissue and cultivate pathogen fungi

Drugs and equipment:

  • 75% Alcohol
  • 0.5%~1% Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)
  • ddH2O
  • PDA (Potato dextrose agar) plate
  • Parafilm
  • Alcohol burner
  • Plants
  • Knifes
  • Tweezers

Process:

  1. Soak the plant tissue to sterilization: All parts of plant should soak in alcohol for 1 minute. For leaves, skim over NaClO for a few times; for roots, soak in NaClO for 1 minute; for mature stem parts, soak in NaClO for 20~30 seconds; for tender stems, skim over NaClO for a few times. All of these parts should be washed with ddH 2 O.
  2. Remove all the drugs and tools inside the Hood, disinfect knifes and tweezers with alcohol burner. You may take a PDA plate for cool down.
  3. Cut the infected plant tissue for an area of 5mm 2 , remove them all to new PDA plates. The side with hypha should put downward, and be towed on the plate. The amount of tissue which are put on one single plate depends on the range of cutting area.
  4. Seal up the plate with Parafilm, and label on the name of fungi, date and so on.
  5. Put the plate in the best environment to observe if the fungi or other species of microorganism grow.

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