Team:Calgary/Human Practices
Human Practices
Landfills
The integration of PHB production in leachate treatment would likely be unfeasible due to low volumes of leachate that are usually produced at landfills. In Calgary, a single landfill generates about 100,000 L of leachate per day. Although COD content in leachate is higher than in wastewater, the estimated amount of PHB produced in Calgary was about 8000 kg/year, based on COD content of 1977 mg/L in Calgary leachate (Kashef & Lungue, 2016). This would result in about $40,000 in revenue, assuming a price of $5 per kg of PHB (Manufacturing and properties of PHB, 2017) . Another member of the team performed similar calculations assuming 0.38 grams of PHB produced per gram of VFA, which resulted in 22,250 kg of PHB per year and a potential revenue of $111,126 per year.The cost of implementing a PHB production process will likely be magnitudes larger. Leachate treatment in China is a more promising alternative. China generates a larger amount of leachate compared to many other countries .("Leachate treatment in China: Technologies and Import Opportunities", 2015) Additionally, the COD content in Hong Kong, China ranges from 15,700 to 50,000 mg/L for young landfills ("Leachate treatment in China: Technologies and Import Opportunities", 2015), which is 8 to 25 times greater than in Calgary. We estimated that about 900,000 - 3,000,000 kg of PHB can be produced per year in Hong Kong depending on COD content and using PHA yield of 0.11 kg of PHA per kg of COD. PHB production from leachate was also considered for Vancouver, which generates 2,225,978 cubic meters of leachate per year (Vancouver landfill 2016 annual report, 2017). Based on our estimates, about 3,100,000 kg of PHB can be produced per year assuming the COD content of about 13,000 mg/L (Tao, Hall & Masbough, 2005)
Wastewater Treatment Plants
Our project was initially aimed at providing a method by which wastewater treatment facilities could take biological material in wastewater and transform it into value-added product in the form of bioplastic. Part of our integrated human practices included a visit to our local wastewater treatment facility.
Developing Countries
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Space
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Engagement
Collaborations
SAFETY
