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| − | <div class="topic"><p class="text_color">Motivation</p></div> | + | <div class="topic"><p class="text_color">Professor Cheng-Ming Chang</p></div> |
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| − | <div class="topic"><p class="text_color">Background</p></div> | + | <div class="topic"><p class="text_color">Professor Chien-Chih Yu</p></div> |
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| | + | <p class="title">Professor Cheng-Ming Chang<p> |
| | + | <p class="content">In order to know about the transportation process for frozen food, we had an interview with Professor Cheng-Ming Chang, an expert in this field.</p> |
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| | + | <p class="content">During the interview, we learned two important pieces of information. The first is that our product is not applicable for the foods that need to be preserved in the fridge. Since the highest temperature that those foods can tolerate is 15 degrees Celsius, our product, whose tolerance is 37 degrees Celsius, won’t be useful for them. The second piece of information is that the technology of temperature measuring at low temperatures is already perfect. There are both cheap and expensive products, and the accuracy also varies with the price. However, it’s good that we aim the target temperature at 37 degrees Celsius, since no one has ever attempted this temperature before.</p> |
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| − | <p class="title">Motivation</p> | + | <p class="title">Professor Chien-Chih Yu</p> |
| − | <p class="content">A bottle of cold drink is a fantastic idea on a scorching summer day, but what if the drink is contaminated with plasticizers? Many people know that plastic bottles will release harmful plasticizers into the drink at high temperatures, so they sensibly avoid leaving bottled drinks or water in hot places, like their cars. However, what if the drink has been contaminated during transportation from the factory to the retail store?</p> | + | <p class="content">To know more about the transportation process of drug, we interviewed Professor Chien-Chih Yu, a professor of Pharmacy at China Medical University.</p> |
| − | <p class="content">Besides bottled beverages, many other products, such as cosmetics or medicine, may pose potential threats to human health if they are stored at inadequate temperatures or exposed to sunlight for too long during the delivery process. The danger is real and immediate, but it is humanly impossible to monitor every delivery procedure. Therefore, we plan to invent a biosensor which can help monitor and ensure the cargo quality in transit.</p>
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| − | <p class="content">Though we were inspired by the release of plasticizer from the bottle into the drinking water, we soon found that there is not much difference between the amount of plasticizer released at 25 degrees Celsius and that released at 35 degrees Celsius (or a bit higher). Thus, we decided to apply our product mainly to foods, cosmetics and medicines. The target temperature we’ve set is 37 degrees Celsius, the temperature at which bacteria reproduce most rapidly.</p>
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| − | <p class="content">However, chance always outpaces plans. After reviewing the answers to the questionnaires that we designed, doing more research on the Internet, and asking experts in the food transportation field, we soon realized that our products are not useful in frozen food transportation. Thus, we shifted our focus to nutrition supplements, cosmetics, and medicines eventually.</p>
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| − | <p class="content">How will temperature affect the quality of these products? We can look deeply into three aspects. First, most germs like to grow in warmer temperatures like 37 degrees Celsius, so if the product is exposed to high temperatures for too long, it will increase the chances of the product going bad. Second, oil and water don’t mix without the help of the emulsifier. However, the emulsifier would start to lose its effect as the temperature rises. When it reaches 40 degrees Celsius, the emulsifier will totally lose its effect, which turns cosmetic products useless and disgusting. Third, dietary supplements, like vitamin B, lose their nutrients under high temperatures. To guarantee the quality, it’s crucial to keep the temperature low.</p>
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| − | <p class="title">Background</p> | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/3/3e/Professorwu.jpeg" class="bigphoto" width="70%";> |
| − | <p class="content">The popularity of the Internet has been increasing considerably in the 21st century, and purchasing in virtual shops has thus become the mainstream consumer pattern. By investigating through our online questionnaire, we’ve found that at least 95.5% of customers do care about what happens with the items they have ordered during the delivery process. As such, we started to think of a way to ensure that the goods are placed in an optimal and safe environment during the whole process of delivery and transportation.</p>
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| − | <p class="content">Our idea was to design a sticker that changes color when exposed to inadequate temperature. The sticker can be attached to the boxes or products right before they are about to get transported, and when the sticker changes color, it means that the environment of the transportation is not adequate and therefore needs to be improved.</p>
| + | |
| − | <p class="content">Though we were inspired by the release of plasticizer from the bottle into the drinking water, we soon found that there is not much difference between the amount of plasticizer released at 25 degrees Celsius and that released at 35 degrees Celsius (or a bit higher). Thus, we decided to apply our product mainly to foods, especially drinks, as well as cosmetics and medicines. The target temperature we’ve set is 37 degrees Celsius, the temperature at which bacteria reproduce most rapidly.</p>
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| − | <p class="content">In order to have a better idea about the proper storage temperature of drinks, we went to interview a few superintendents of VEDAN Company, a leading food company in Taiwan, which makes drinks and instant noodles. We then learned that room temperature foods don’t need our product. So we decided to switch our focus to research on cosmetics, nutrients supplements, and medicines. Nevertheless, we also learned that UV will cause the loss of the nutrition in vitamin drinks. It leads us to think of adding another sensor, which is a UV sensor.</p>
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| + | <p class="content">The feedbacks we received are, first, there might be little application of our stickers on drugs; second, the professor suggested we aim at the R&D drugs, which are less resistant to temperature change.</p> |
| − | <p class="title">Description</p>
| + | </div> |
| − | <p class="content">After interviewing VEDAN, we learned that UV light will cause the loss of nutrition of the vitamin drinks. Therefore, we decided to invent a sticker to sense both temperature and UV light. We implant a modified gene into e-coli, and after drying them up, we put these e-coli into a specialized sticker, and this completes our device for long-term quality monitoring. The sticker monitors the temperature and UV light in the whole delivery process, and will change color if it detects excessive amounts of the above two factors. By simply taking a glance at it, the customer can directly confirm the condition of the merchandise.</p> | + | |
| − | <p class="content"> In normal conditions, the color of the sticker will be light green, which indicates “safe.” Nonetheless, if the products are exposed to sunlight or a temperature higher than 37 degrees Celsius, the color will change gradually into red or blue, which indicates “not safe.” The longer the sticker is exposed to these less than ideal conditions, the darker its color will become. The cause of both colors is the synthesis of chromoprotein. Chromoproteins are very stable, which means that the color can last for a long period of time.</p>
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