Difference between revisions of "Team:ZJU-China/Overview"

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   <h1 id="description" class="page-header ArticleHead GreenAH">Description</h1>
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   <h1 id="overview" class="page-header ArticleHead GreenAH">Device: Overview</h1>
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      <h2 id="background" class="H2Head">Background</h2>
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          <br/><br/>
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          <h2 id="devicesystem" class="H2Head">Device System</h2>
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          <p class="PP">Have you ever imagined automatic agriculture: AI will do all kinds of chores in the farmland, such as watering, fertilizing and controlling disease. As for human beings, we can do other works without caring anything in farmland, and just need to check some parameters of environment from our phones occasionally, to see if the crops grow healthily and strongly. This year, we made a giant leap in the realization of this concept.</p>
 +
          <p class="PP">We integrated Internet of Things (IOT), sensors, actuators and big data processing technique to construct a complete automatic agriculture system. It can monitor the environment parameters and crops’ status of health in real time. Meanwhile, it can also release signaling molecules or emit medium waves to control our endophyte---T.atrovide, to achieve a series of functions, for example, pathogen controlling. In short, our system use device to build a bridge between human and plants via T.atrovide.</p>
  
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           <p class="PP">As a primary production, agriculture is one of the most important human economical activity. The history of farming can be traced back to the thousands of years ago, and its origin played an important role in human civilization birth and development.</p>
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           <div class="imgdiv"><img class="textimg" style="width: 60% !important;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/74/ZJU_China_HardwareOverview_1.jpg"></div>
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           <p class="PP">Nowadays, the objects and patterns of agriculture production have been greatly changed. Modern commercial farming has gradually replaced the traditional subsistence farming. Apart from the food crops, fiber crops and other cash crops constantly sprung up and took a big proportion in today’s agriculture. In China,cash crops generally present a regional distribution. For instance, teas are cultivated mainly in south and southwestern China,or adjacent to the Yangtse River. These intensive cultivations aim to be easy to manage, concentrate advantages and reduce the cost.</p>
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          <p class="capture">Fig.1 An overview of our device system</p>
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           <p class="PP">However, such farming pattern exists some drawbacks. A huge local ecological loss will be caused because of the exploration of crop diseases. In order to lower the exploration possibility, many new technologies had been applied in agriculture.Biocontrol is a new method for agriculture control. Compared to general methods like spraying pesticide in traditional agriculture, biocontrol has certain advantages. Firstly, the economic cost reduces since spraying pesticide needs more human and material resources, moreover, just like some enteric microorganism help improve the gut environment of their host, the self-coordination ability of the soil environment itself improves after inoculating bio-agents.Theoretically,appropriate biocontrol methods can achieve sustainable green environmental effect, however, the reality often fails to see this.</p>
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           <p class="PP">Our device system consists of main device (environment parameter monitoring device) and slave units (plants' status of health monitoring device and medium wave emission device). Considering the fact that plants’ health conditions differ in different area of farmland, we can put several slave units at a certain distance in the farmland while main device needs only one. The slave units can transform information to main device through 2.4G data transmission module.</p>
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          <h2 id="mainsystem" class="H2Head">Main Device</h2>
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           <p class="PP">Main device is environment parameter monitoring device, which can measure some parameters such as temperature, humidity, the illumination time, rainfall, TVOC, etc. The result can be shown in the built-in screen and, in the meanwhile, be transformed to PC through 2.4G data transmission module in real time. What’s more,our main device can release some inducer such as DAPG, and water the plants according to soil moisture with an built-in pump.</p>
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          <p class="PP">What if there is no internet connection in farmland? Don’t worry! The transmission distance of our 2.4G data transmission module in our device is farther than 2.5km in theory and the device doesn’t need internet. Therefore, you can monitor the plants’ status of health at anywhere, anytime.</p>
  
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           <p class="capture">Fig1: The picture shows the parallel roles played by enteric microorganism and endophytes</p>
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           <p class="capture">Fig.2 A photo of our main device</p>
  
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       <h2 id="Problem" class="H2Head">Problem</h2>
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          <p class="PP"><a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/Hardware/Device">Click here</a> to see more information about the main device.</p>
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       <h2 id="slavesystem" class="H2Head">Slave Device</h2>
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          <p class="PP">Slave units consist of plants' status of health monitoring device---an e-nose system. It can monitor the plants' status of health in real time.</p>
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          <p class="PP">Know more about our <a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/Project/voc">device</a> and <a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/Model">result</a>. What's more, we take advantage of several methods to enhance the stability of our system in real condition.</p>
  
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           <p class="PP">This low effect is directly related to the defects of biocontrol. Microorganisms used in biocontrol(bio-agents) are a lot, including rhizospherebacteria, ectomycorrhiza fungi, and endophytes so on. Application for all of them faces two intractable problems.</p>
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           <div class="imgdiv"><img class="textimg" style="width: 60% !important;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/c3/ZJU_China_HardwareOverview_2.jpg"></div>
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          <p class="PP">As mentioned above, the cash crops beseem to large-scale intensive cultivation, and because of that, technologies of modern agriculture including automatic irrigation and unscrewed aerial vehicle remote sensing (UAVRS) are always applied in cultivating such crops to increase their productions. However, the current method to apply biocontrol in the farm is not consistent with the concept of modern agriculture, mainly showing at the following aspects.</p>
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           <p class="capture">Fig.3 A photo of our slave device</p>
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          <p class="PP">The key point is the unknowable for applying biocontrol. People can’t know whether and when the diseases intruded, meanwhile, the resistance actions of bio-agents were totally out of control, People can do nothing but get the final result from the production variety of crops. Besides, the effects actually are limited. Taking Paecilomyces lilacinus as an example, it only inhabits some kinds of nematodes by secreting specific protease. And also it’s difficult to composite various bio-agents when preserve their respective advantages at the same time. We think applying biocontrol in such a blind way is very passive.</p>
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      <h2 id="aims" class="H2Head">Our Aims</h2>
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          <p class="PP">ZJU-China 2017 aims to establish a system and the corresponding workflow for applying biocontrol in a more wide and controlled way, and the disease information can also be reported to the human at the same time, which means people can know the situation more accurately and timely. We decided to choose Trichoderma atroviride as the chassis for its widely used in present biocontrol menthods (See our decision-making process in <a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/HP/Silver">HP Silver page</a>). And we chose tobaccos as our testing plants for its high status in cash crops(See our decision-making process in <a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/HP/Gold_Integrated">HP Gold page</a>). Combined with the automation concept pursued by modern agriculture, our design is suitable for large-scale cultivation of crops. And we made a hardware to build a information communication between humans, hardware and bio-agents, which create a new direction in applying biocontrol. We believe it has very broad application prospects in unceasing developmental modern agriculture.</p>
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           <p class="PP">See how we build up this system in the <a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/Demonstrate">Demonstrate page</a>.</p>
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           <h2 id="ref" class="H2Head">Reference</h2>
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           <p class="PP"><a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/Hardware/Device">Click here</a> to see more information about the slave device.</p>
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           <p class="ref">[1] Brand D, Roussos S, Pandey A, et al. Development of a bionematicide with Paecilomyces lilacinus to control Meloidogyne incognita.[J]. Applied Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2004, 118(1-3):81-88.</p>
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      <h2 id="mwed" class="H2Head">Middle Wave Emission Device</h2>
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           <p class="PP">We also designed a set of middle wave emission device, which can emit high-frequency alternating magnetic field to activate the ferrtin-TRPV pathway in our engineered T.atroviride, so that we regulate the expression of downstream gene in a long distance and make some influence on the growth of plants. More important, it can be applied in a large area of farmland together with a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Sadly, because of the time limitation, this device does not actually work as our excepted.</p>
  
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          <p class="capture">Fig.4 A photo of our middle wave emission device</p>
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          <p class="PP"><a class="cite" href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:ZJU-China/Hardware/MediumWave">Click here</a> to see more information about the medium wave emission device.</p>
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       <h2 id="webapp" class="H2Head">Webapp</h2>
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          <p class="PP">We also constructed a webapp, to which all data will be uploaded, to make it possible to check all the data in mobile device.</p>
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          <div class="imgdiv"><img class="textimg" style="width: 60% !important;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/c5/ZJU_China_HardwareOverview_4.jpg"></div>
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          <p class="capture">Fig.5 A screenshot of our webapp</p>
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          <p class="PP">Every components coupled with each other in this system. And total cost of our device system is less than $400 ( not including UAV). In this way, we can achieve an automatic agriculture system.</p>
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Revision as of 03:48, 2 November 2017

Device: Overview



Device System

Have you ever imagined automatic agriculture: AI will do all kinds of chores in the farmland, such as watering, fertilizing and controlling disease. As for human beings, we can do other works without caring anything in farmland, and just need to check some parameters of environment from our phones occasionally, to see if the crops grow healthily and strongly. This year, we made a giant leap in the realization of this concept.

We integrated Internet of Things (IOT), sensors, actuators and big data processing technique to construct a complete automatic agriculture system. It can monitor the environment parameters and crops’ status of health in real time. Meanwhile, it can also release signaling molecules or emit medium waves to control our endophyte---T.atrovide, to achieve a series of functions, for example, pathogen controlling. In short, our system use device to build a bridge between human and plants via T.atrovide.

Fig.1 An overview of our device system

Our device system consists of main device (environment parameter monitoring device) and slave units (plants' status of health monitoring device and medium wave emission device). Considering the fact that plants’ health conditions differ in different area of farmland, we can put several slave units at a certain distance in the farmland while main device needs only one. The slave units can transform information to main device through 2.4G data transmission module.

Main Device

Main device is environment parameter monitoring device, which can measure some parameters such as temperature, humidity, the illumination time, rainfall, TVOC, etc. The result can be shown in the built-in screen and, in the meanwhile, be transformed to PC through 2.4G data transmission module in real time. What’s more,our main device can release some inducer such as DAPG, and water the plants according to soil moisture with an built-in pump.

What if there is no internet connection in farmland? Don’t worry! The transmission distance of our 2.4G data transmission module in our device is farther than 2.5km in theory and the device doesn’t need internet. Therefore, you can monitor the plants’ status of health at anywhere, anytime.

Fig.2 A photo of our main device

Click here to see more information about the main device.

Slave Device

Slave units consist of plants' status of health monitoring device---an e-nose system. It can monitor the plants' status of health in real time.

Know more about our device and result. What's more, we take advantage of several methods to enhance the stability of our system in real condition.

Fig.3 A photo of our slave device

Click here to see more information about the slave device.

Middle Wave Emission Device

We also designed a set of middle wave emission device, which can emit high-frequency alternating magnetic field to activate the ferrtin-TRPV pathway in our engineered T.atroviride, so that we regulate the expression of downstream gene in a long distance and make some influence on the growth of plants. More important, it can be applied in a large area of farmland together with a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Sadly, because of the time limitation, this device does not actually work as our excepted.

Fig.4 A photo of our middle wave emission device

Click here to see more information about the medium wave emission device.

Webapp

We also constructed a webapp, to which all data will be uploaded, to make it possible to check all the data in mobile device.

Fig.5 A screenshot of our webapp

Every components coupled with each other in this system. And total cost of our device system is less than $400 ( not including UAV). In this way, we can achieve an automatic agriculture system.


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