Difference between revisions of "Team:Calgary/imposter"

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<p><b>NOTE:</b> Some pages on our wiki are still under construction, so please be patient as we get all of our content up!</p>
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<p>Governments and private enterprises alike are gearing up for travel across the Solar System. Plans to colonize nearby planets are underway, with Elon Musk spearheading the initiative to put a human colony on Mars by 2030. In a parallel vein, NASA is planning a manned exploratory mission to Mars as soon as the 2030s. Several other space agencies have similar plans and timelines for their own respective Mars explorations. This exciting time in our history nonetheless comes with the challenges of long-term space travel. Two ecological and economical challenges arise: the <b>sustainable management of waste produced</b> on a spaceship and the <b>high cost of shipping materials to space</b>.</p>
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<p>This year, our project involves using genetically engineered <b><i>E. coli</i></b> to turn human waste into <b>bioplastics</b>. We envision our project as a start-to-finish integrated system that can be used in space to generate items useful to astronauts during early Mars missions. This will solve the problem of waste management by upcycling solid human waste into a usable product. It will also reduce astronautical costs, as fuel typically used to ship materials to space can be saved.</p>
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<p>Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (<b>PHB</b>) is a linear polyester and is a product of bacterial fermentation of some sugars or lipids (Anjum, 2016). PHB is used by bacteria (such as <i>Ralstonia eutropha</i> and /<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) (Anderson, 1990) as carbon and energy storage (Tsuge, 2003). PHB is one preferred alternative to petroleum-based plastics due to its <b>biodegradability</b> (Tsuge, 2003) and the potential for more environmentally friendly manufacturing processes. Current PHB production processes are costly; this limits industrial scale use and application of PHB (Anjum, 2016). We aim to eliminate the cost of using lipid or sugar feedstocks in PHB-production facilities by using <b>human solid waste</b> as a feedstock. We have engineered recombinant Escherichia coli to utilize genes from native PHB-producing bacteria. These genes code for enzymes in the glycolysis and fatty acid beta-oxidation pathways (which break down sugars and lipids, respectively), and in PHB production. We thus hope to optimize PHB production by improving yields and cutting costs, which would promote the use of PHB in industry. This process could also improve the management of human waste by producing a value-added product.
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<p>To learn about how the plastic is produced, please visit our <a href="2017.igem.org/Team:Calgary/Synthesis">Synthesis</a> page.</p>
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<p>To learn about the secretion method we are developing to transport the plastic outside the cell, visit the <a href="2017.igem.org/Team:Calgary/Secretion">Secretion</a> page!</p>
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<p>To discover the engineering processes implemented throughout the whole system, visit the <a href="2017.igem.org/Team:Calgary/Process">Process</a> page.</p>
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<p>To see all the experts who we have consulted to make this project a reality, visit our <a href="2017.igem.org/Team:Calgary/Human_Practices">Human Practices</a> page.</p>
  
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<h2>Works Cited</h2>
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<p>Anjum, A., Zuber, M., Zia, K.M., Noreen, A., Anjum, M.N. & Tabassum, S. (2016). Microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and its copolymers: A review of recent advancements. Int J Biol Macromol., 89: 161-74</p>
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<p>Anderson, A. & Dawes, E. (1990). Occurrence, metabolism, metabolic role, and industrial uses of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Microbiol Rev., 54(4): 450-472.</p>
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<p>Tsuge, T., Taguchi, K., Seiichi, T. & Doi, Y. (2003). Molecular characterization and properties of (R)-specific enoyl-CoA hydratases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa: metabolic tools for synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates via fatty acid ß-oxidation. Int J of Biol Macromol., 31(4–5): 195–205.</p>
  
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<h1>InterLab Study</h1>
 
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<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Hic beatae qui, est perspiciatis ducimus delectus pariatur nisi enim similique earum tempora aut, unde, quod. Iusto quod mollitia, in aspernatur non ratione voluptas vero sit veniam sunt quibusdam doloremque et harum soluta hic placeat ab excepturi nesciunt animi rerum enim officiis blanditiis porro itaque. Doloremque, voluptates consectetur quis soluta assumenda, temporibus sequi aliquid. Porro delectus accusantium dicta officiis cupiditate reiciendis praesentium quam explicabo animi necessitatibus blanditiis maxime molestiae, ullam aliquam ea, inventore temporibus nihil eum tempore minus architecto rerum aut. Nulla eos laboriosam, minus earum alias, repellat tempore facilis iusto quibusdam deleniti assumenda magnam dolore doloribus saepe maiores. Expedita enim ea, maiores beatae odit, eaque officia ut vitae! Nihil nisi non ullam. Officiis nihil, repellendus dolorem reiciendis eius enim aperiam qui omnis, rerum voluptatum itaque fuga dignissimos nobis dolor explicabo perspiciatis necessitatibus, asperiores? Eveniet doloribus itaque optio perspiciatis iure, qui minima libero dicta suscipit ducimus, id rerum consequuntur autem reprehenderit corporis! Beatae obcaecati aut, impedit aliquid provident harum aspernatur, pariatur ea ipsa explicabo nulla earum dicta dolore nisi, molestiae optio modi. Totam beatae assumenda iusto, eveniet consectetur consequuntur repudiandae esse eos maxime, eligendi, tenetur incidunt odit nemo ducimus quidem eaque repellat.</p>
 
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<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.</p>
 
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<h2>EVEN MORE SPACESHIPS</h2>
 
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<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.</p>
 
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<h1>MARS IS ONLY A POOP AWAY</h1>
 
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Latest revision as of 01:52, 16 October 2017

Header

NOTE: Some pages on our wiki are still under construction, so please be patient as we get all of our content up!

Governments and private enterprises alike are gearing up for travel across the Solar System. Plans to colonize nearby planets are underway, with Elon Musk spearheading the initiative to put a human colony on Mars by 2030. In a parallel vein, NASA is planning a manned exploratory mission to Mars as soon as the 2030s. Several other space agencies have similar plans and timelines for their own respective Mars explorations. This exciting time in our history nonetheless comes with the challenges of long-term space travel. Two ecological and economical challenges arise: the sustainable management of waste produced on a spaceship and the high cost of shipping materials to space.

This year, our project involves using genetically engineered E. coli to turn human waste into bioplastics. We envision our project as a start-to-finish integrated system that can be used in space to generate items useful to astronauts during early Mars missions. This will solve the problem of waste management by upcycling solid human waste into a usable product. It will also reduce astronautical costs, as fuel typically used to ship materials to space can be saved.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a linear polyester and is a product of bacterial fermentation of some sugars or lipids (Anjum, 2016). PHB is used by bacteria (such as Ralstonia eutropha and /Pseudomonas aeruginosa) (Anderson, 1990) as carbon and energy storage (Tsuge, 2003). PHB is one preferred alternative to petroleum-based plastics due to its biodegradability (Tsuge, 2003) and the potential for more environmentally friendly manufacturing processes. Current PHB production processes are costly; this limits industrial scale use and application of PHB (Anjum, 2016). We aim to eliminate the cost of using lipid or sugar feedstocks in PHB-production facilities by using human solid waste as a feedstock. We have engineered recombinant Escherichia coli to utilize genes from native PHB-producing bacteria. These genes code for enzymes in the glycolysis and fatty acid beta-oxidation pathways (which break down sugars and lipids, respectively), and in PHB production. We thus hope to optimize PHB production by improving yields and cutting costs, which would promote the use of PHB in industry. This process could also improve the management of human waste by producing a value-added product.

To learn about how the plastic is produced, please visit our Synthesis page.

To learn about the secretion method we are developing to transport the plastic outside the cell, visit the Secretion page!

To discover the engineering processes implemented throughout the whole system, visit the Process page.

To see all the experts who we have consulted to make this project a reality, visit our Human Practices page.