Difference between revisions of "Team:Sydney Australia/Entrepreneurship"

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<div class="container-fluid">
 
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−
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<div class = "row" style ="background-color:#e2e2e2" align = "center">
−
     <img class="img-center center-block" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/2/28/T--Sydney_Australia--Entreprenurship.gif" width="80%">
+
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 +
 +
 +
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 +
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 +
<h1>Barriers to Entry<h1>
 +
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 +
<br>
 +
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 +
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0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Non-Financial
 +
  Permeability /10<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Expected Financial
 +
  Cost ($US)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Scaling/Ongoing Cost?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:37.8pt'>
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Open-source
 +
  creation of a biosynthetic organism<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>5000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:15.75pt'>
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  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Design and
 +
  Engineering expertise required for fermentation/purification plant<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
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  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>10000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>No<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Open
 +
  Source Development of an insulin pump<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>10000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>No<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;height:37.8pt'>
 +
  <td width=772 colspan=4 valign=top style='width:772.15pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:37.8pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#F4B183;mso-themecolor:accent2;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #F4B183;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent2;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Cost Barriers</span></b><span style='font-size:
 +
  20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:
 +
  "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 +
  EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Clinical Trials I-IV
 +
  (for new analogue insulin)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>~200 million<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>No<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Biosimilar Clinical
 +
  Trials (for new generic/generic analogue)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>~100 million*<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>No<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Fermentation/Purification
 +
  Equipment and Testing (Small - Large Scale)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2 million - 200
 +
  million<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Yes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Fermentation/Purification
 +
  Plant (Small - Large Scale)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4 million - 400
 +
  million<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Yes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10;height:40.05pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:40.05pt'></td>
 +
  <td width=522 nowrap colspan=3 valign=top style='width:522.25pt;border-top:
 +
  none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:40.05pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>* Biosimilar clinical
 +
  trials yet to have enough data to generate an average expense<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;height:37.8pt'>
 +
  <td width=772 colspan=4 valign=top style='width:772.15pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:37.8pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#A9D18E;mso-themecolor:accent6;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #A9D18E;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent6;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Market Barriers</span></b><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#8FAADC;mso-themecolor:accent1;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #8FAADC;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent1;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Enormous
 +
  existing contracts between governments and pharmaceutical companies can be
 +
  used to leverage significant pressure to use a certain product in PBS
 +
  schemes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>USA, Europe,
 +
  Australia; ~100m+ to disturb the status quo. For most developing nations,
 +
  price/efficacy will be the major determining factor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Yes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Economies
 +
  of scale favours existing manufacturers. Any new market entrant would be
 +
  vulnerable to a price war after investing significantly in setup.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>^ See
 +
  Fermentation/Purification Plant and Equipment Costs<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Yes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Existing distribution
 +
  systems are largely owned by competition<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>10 million + dependent
 +
  upon strategic partnerships<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Yes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15;height:37.8pt'>
 +
  <td width=772 colspan=4 valign=top style='width:772.15pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:37.8pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#B49DE3;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Legal Barriers</span></b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  color:#B49DE3;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 nowrap valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Existing
 +
  patents protecting analogue insulins<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 nowrap valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Litigation Risk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Possibly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Existing patents
 +
  protecting insulin manufacturing optimisations<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Litigation Risk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Possibly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <td width=250 valign=top style='width:249.9pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Existing patents for
 +
  insulin pump technologies<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=175 valign=top style='width:175.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=191 valign=top style='width:191.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Litigation Risk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=156 valign=top style='width:155.75pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.75pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Possibly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
 +
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
 +
<div class = "row" id ="please">
 +
<div class = "content" align = "center">
 +
<h1>Estimated Start Up Costs</h1>
 +
<div class = "box2"></div>
 +
<br><br>
 +
<div class=WordSection1>
 +
 +
<table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=787
 +
style='margin-left:-28.6pt;border-collapse:collapse;mso-table-layout-alt:fixed;
 +
border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;
 +
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'></td>
 +
  <td width=12 rowspan=8 valign=top style='width:11.8pt;border:none;border-right:
 +
  solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:
 +
  solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:
 +
  0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#8FAADC;mso-themecolor:accent1;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #8FAADC;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent1;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
 +
  solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#8FAADC;mso-themecolor:accent1;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #8FAADC;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent1;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Company A</span></b><b><span style='font-size:
 +
  20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:
 +
  "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=12 rowspan=8 valign=top style='width:11.8pt;border:none;border-right:
 +
  solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:
 +
  solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:
 +
  0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#F4B183;mso-themecolor:accent2;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #F4B183;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent2;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
 +
  solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#F4B183;mso-themecolor:accent2;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #F4B183;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent2;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Company B</span></b><b><span style='font-size:
 +
  20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:
 +
  "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=12 rowspan=8 valign=top style='width:11.8pt;border:none;border-right:
 +
  solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:
 +
  solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:
 +
  0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#A9D18E;mso-themecolor:accent6;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #A9D18E;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent6;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
 +
  solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:#A9D18E;mso-themecolor:accent6;mso-themetint:153;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
 +
  #A9D18E;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:accent6;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:
 +
  100.0%;mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms:"lumm=60000 lumo=40000";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Company C</span></b><b><span style='font-size:
 +
  20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:
 +
  "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:18.9pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:18.9pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Building Related Expenses<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:18.9pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4,000,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:18.9pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>200,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:18.9pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>1,800,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Equipment + Installation<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>1,000,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>980,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>300,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Engineering/Validation<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>1,000,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>250,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>900,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Total ($CA)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6,000,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>1,430,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>3,000,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Total ($US)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4,680,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>1,115,400.00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2,340,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Annual GMP Compliance + Operating Expense
 +
  ($<span class=GramE>CA)*</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>925,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>454,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:14.2pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>720,000.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:35.6pt'>
 +
  <td width=312 nowrap valign=top style='width:11.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:35.6pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Annual GMP Compliance + Operating Expense
 +
  ($<span class=GramE>US)*</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:35.6pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>721,500.00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=151 nowrap valign=top style='width:151.2pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:35.6pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>354,120.00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=144 nowrap valign=top style='width:144.15pt;border-top:none;
 +
  border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:35.6pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>561,600.00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
 +
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
 +
<div class ="row" id = "please">
 +
<div class= "content" align = "center">
 +
<div class = "col-xs-6">
 +
<h1>Risk Assessment Matrix</h1>
 +
<div class = "box3"></div>
 +
<br>
 +
<img src = "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/f/f6/T--Sydney_Australia--Entre1.jpg" width = 100%>
 +
</div>
 +
<div class = "col-xs-6">
 +
<h1>Potential Risks for Our Model</h1>
 +
<div class = "box3"></div>
 +
<br>
 +
<div class=WordSection1>
 +
 +
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left
 +
width=396 style='width:396.2pt;border-collapse:collapse;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;
 +
mso-table-lspace:9.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;mso-table-rspace:9.0pt;margin-right:
 +
6.0pt;mso-table-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-table-anchor-horizontal:page;
 +
mso-table-left:81.05pt;mso-table-top:-53.75pt'>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Potential Risk</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:
 +
  Arial;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Risk Matrix</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Price war from competitors</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>9</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>GMP failure, dangerous product</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>10</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
 +
  font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 +
  EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Escape/Release of GMO organism</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Manufacturing Injuries</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Insufficient Liquidity</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Exclusionary contracts prevent entrance to
 +
  certain markets</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;
 +
  mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>7</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Cure for Diabetes</span><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>5</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Superior Analogue enters market</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Inefficient secretion pathway</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Inefficient Purification</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>6</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Local - High Australian Wages</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Carbon Emissions Target</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Nickel-Agarose Price Inflation</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Electricity Inflation</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Competitive advertising</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16;height:23.0pt'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt;height:23.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Government overregulation</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt;height:23.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17;height:24.0pt'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt;height:24.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Economies of Scale</span><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt;height:24.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>9</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Natural Disaster</span><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Manufactory Fire</span><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:20'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Internal Corruption</span><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>4</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:21'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFD966;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Patent Infringement Lawsuits</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>3</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:22'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#A8D08D;
 +
  mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>High Employee Turnover</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#A8D08D;mso-background-themecolor:accent6;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>2</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:23'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;background:#FFBE45;
 +
  padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Export/Import Restrictions</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  background:#FFBE45;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>8</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:24;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:33.15pt'>
 +
  <td width=275 valign=top style='width:274.7pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  solid black 1.0pt;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:
 +
  accent4;mso-background-themetint:153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt;
 +
  height:33.15pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Unforeseen Circumstances</span><span
 +
  style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
  <td width=122 valign=top style='width:121.5pt;border-top:none;border-left:
 +
  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-top-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.0pt;
 +
  mso-border-alt:solid black 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
 +
  background:#FFD966;mso-background-themecolor:accent4;mso-background-themetint:
 +
  153;padding:5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt 5.0pt;height:33.15pt'>
 +
  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-element:frame;
 +
  mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:
 +
  paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:page;mso-element-left:81.1pt;
 +
  mso-element-top:-53.75pt;mso-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:
 +
  16.0pt;font-family:Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black;
 +
  mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>5</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:
 +
  Quicksand;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
 +
  </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
 +
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:
 +
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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 +
<br>
 +
 +
<div class = "row content" id = "please" align = "center">
 +
<h1>An analysis of various business models that can profit from this industry without pricing individuals out of the market.</h1>
 +
<div class = "box4"></div>
 +
<br>
 +
<div style="width:90%;margin:auto;">
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 +
<p style="font-family: 'Quicksand'; font-size:16px;"></p>
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<div class="panel-group">
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  <div class="panel panel-default">
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    <div class="panel-heading">
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      <h4 class="panel-title">
 +
        <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse0" style="font-size:30px;">Open-Source Tools to Enable the Market</a>
 +
      </h4>
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    </div>
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    <div id="collapse0" class="panel-collapse collapse">
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<div class="panel-body cell_model">
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<p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:20px;">
 +
Open-source research and development has revolutionised the Technology Sector and is quickly making its impact known on the Deep Tech Sector. Just as novel financial tools like ‘Freemium’ changed the way consumers interact with online businesses, open-source research offers new and unique ways to approach monetisation of Intellectual Property (IP).
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Intellectual Property Tools - Platforms to empower individual researchers with the sharing and application of their work. </li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Design + characterisation of genetic sequences for protein (e.g. insulin) manufacturing - Competitions like iGEM showcase the excellent talent of researchers, while businesses such as AddGene provide simple sharing of plasmids for a novel fee.</li>
 +
<li>Design + characterisation of expression systems for protein (e.g. insulin) manufacturing - Further focus on the downstream requirements to optimise protein expression is already entering the open-source market, expanding the options of small-time researchers to develop technologies with a big impact. </li>
 +
<li>Manufacturing plant design and optimisation - Often held as trade-secrets rather than patented, the secrets of high-efficiency protein manufacturing are rarely shared between agents in the market. Improved clarity within this industry would be to the benefit of all. </li>
 +
</ul>
 +
</ul>
 +
<li>Financial Tools - Platforms to bring Open-Source technologies to market, allowing investors to contribute to the approval and manufacturing of essential medicines.</li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Open-source Clinical Trials - Potential investors that wish their money to contribute to the development of essential medications and treatment are currently forced to purchase stock in a major pharmaceutical company. A financial platform can be designed that offers the chance to invest in the clinical trials of a new open-source drug, pledging money alongside other potential investors until sufficient capital is obtained to proceed with Stage I, II, III or IV clinical trials. Rather than the return on IP contributing to a single pharmaceutical company's profit margin, it can instead be divided between clinical trial investors and the developer of the IP.</li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Return-on-Investment would have to scale with the relative risk of the drug not finishing clinical trials, however this could still be significantly less than the ROI expected by public corporations.</li>
 +
<li>Some legal protection would have to be established to prevent manufacturing of approved open-source drugs without contributing to the investors that helped get it approved.</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
<li>Open-source Manufacturing Investment - Like open-source clinical trials, this financial tool would allow investors to direct their capital towards necessary manufacturing facilities for setup and GMP approval of protein manufacturing facilities.</li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Could be combined with public investment to better overcome the challenge of economies-of-scale.</li>
 +
<li>All about helping the market respond more effectively to supply shortages. </li>
 +
</ul>
 +
</ul>
 +
</p>
 +
<p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:16px;"></p>
 +
<br>
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</div>
 +
</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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 +
<br>
 +
 +
<div class="panel-group" id="peri_model">
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  <div class="panel panel-default">
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    <div class="panel-heading">
 +
      <h4 class="panel-title">
 +
        <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse1" style="font-size:30px;">Small-Medium Business</a>
 +
      </h4>
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    </div>
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    <div id="collapse1" class="panel-collapse collapse">
 +
    <div class="panel-body peri_model">
 +
    <p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:20px;">
 +
    <ul>
 +
    <li>Utilising Open-Source tools to carve out a market niche: The open-source tools listed above have the potential to make a tidy profit to the business that facilitates their creation.</li>
 +
    <li>Facilitating efficiency of distribution of Human Insulin and Analogues: [1]</li>
 +
    <ul>
 +
    <li>The global pharmaceutical distribution market is a maze of intermediaries, each adding a small profit margin to the final price. Remodelling this will require public and private entities operating at all stages of the supply chain. </li>
 +
    <ul>
 +
    <li>E.g. A click-and-mortar business that matches a diabetic’s insulin requirements to a specific wholesaler - cutting out all intermediaries and claiming a portion of the profit margin.</li>
 +
    </ul>
 +
    </ul>
 +
    </ul>
 +
    </p>
 +
<p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:16px;"></p>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
 +
<div class="panel-group" id="peri_model">
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  <div class="panel panel-default">
 +
    <div class="panel-heading">
 +
      <h4 class="panel-title">
 +
        <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse2" style="font-size:30px;">Corporations</a>
 +
      </h4>
 +
    </div>
 +
    <div id="collapse2" class="panel-collapse collapse">
 +
    <div class="panel-body peri_model">
 +
    <p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:20px;">The sheer scale of the insulin market (600m+ potential patients) allows economies of scale to play a major role in the competitiveness of individual players. Without enormous investment capital, any new manufacturing facility will be too small to make a significant impact on the insulin market and may be unable to produce at a low enough cost to survive a price war.* As such, new market entrants will most likely be large pharmaceutical corporations looking to share in this industry’s profits.</p>
 +
<p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:16px;">
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Large-scale Manufacturing Facilities</li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Expected cost: Minimum of US$100m for a medium-scale facility [2]</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Research and Development of Single-Chain Insulin Analogues:</li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>xpected cost: Upwards of $US50m for initial approval. Ongoing expense of 20-25% annual operating costs to ensure compliance. [3] Expense here can scale infinitely with risk aversion.</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
</p>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
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</div>
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<br>
 +
 +
<div class="panel-group" id="peri_model">
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  <div class="panel panel-default">
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    <div class="panel-heading">
 +
      <h4 class="panel-title">
 +
        <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse3" style="font-size:30px;">Public Firms and Investment</a>
 +
      </h4>
 +
    </div>
 +
    <div id="collapse3" class="panel-collapse collapse">
 +
    <div class="panel-body peri_model">
 +
    <p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:20px;">Governments provide a functional alternative to corporate manufacturing, as they can justify investment in research and manufacturing that offers a lower potential profit margin (or even a loss). Analysis of trends and forces within the international ‘Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient’ (API) manufacturing market exemplifies two nations already investing heavily in expanding local insulin manufacturing;
 +
    <ul>
 +
    <li>ndia - The brands ‘Biocon’ and ‘Wockhardt’ already hold a larger portion of the global market share than any other brands outside the ‘Big 3’ and are poised to take greater advantage of economies of scale. If the Indian government were to implement a ‘maximum price’ on insulin, these two could operate locally without fear of competition. </li>
 +
    <li>China - Companies with close ties to the national government such as “Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical” and “Zhuhai United Laboratories” are building enormous manufacturing facilities which could majorly restructure the current market layout.</li>
 +
    </ul>
 +
  </p>
 +
<p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:16px;"></p>
 +
</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-group" id="peri_model">
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  <div class="panel panel-default">
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    <div class="panel-heading">
 +
      <h4 class="panel-title">
 +
        <a data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse4" style="font-size:30px;">References</a>
 +
      </h4>
 +
    </div>
 +
    <div id="collapse4" class="panel-collapse collapse">
 +
    <div class="panel-body peri_model">
 +
 +
<p style="font-family:'Quicksand';font-size:12px;">
 +
<ol>
 +
<li>Tsai, A. (2016). The Rising Cost of Insulin. [online] Diabetes Forecast. Available at: http://www.diabetesforecast.org/2016/mar-apr/rising-costs-insulin.html?referrer=https://www.google.com.au/ [Accessed 25 Oct. 2017].
 +
</li>
 +
<li>Basu, P., Joglekar, G. and Rai, S. (2008). Analysis of Manufacturing Costs in Pharmaceutical Companies. [online] Available at: http://moodle.univ-lille2.fr/pluginfile.php/28162/mod_resource/content/0/Analysis%20of%20Manufacturing%20Costs%20in%20pharma%202008.pdf [Accessed 25 Oct. 2017].
 +
</li>
 +
<li>Bruttin, F. and Dean, D. (2017). Managing the Cost of Compliance in PharmaceuticalOperations. [online] Available at: https://www.scribd.com/document/137906487/Managing-the-Cost-of-Compliance-in-Pharmaceutical-Operations [Accessed 25 Oct. 2017].
 +
</li>
 +
</ol>
 +
</p>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
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</div>
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 +
<br>
 +
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<div class = "row" id = "please">
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<div class= "content" align = "center">
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<h1>Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat Analysis</h1>
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<br>
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<br>
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<div id="description" class="title">
 +
<h2>S.W.O.T Analysis</h2>
 +
<p>Click on the Segments in the Pie Chart to learn about the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats to the Insulin Market!</p>
 +
</div>
 +
<div id="titleOne" class="title">
 +
<h2>Strengths</h2>
 +
<p> • Reduces technological barrier to entry for new manufacturers.<br>
 +
• Able to disrupt the insulin supply market – new suppliers will not have to mitigate R&D expenses and can focus on lower prices than the established brands.<br>
 +
• Open-source registration of Single-Chain Analogue prevents patent hoarding by large corporations.
 +
</p>
 +
</div>
 +
<div id="titleTwo" class="title">
 +
<h2>Weaknesses</h2>
 +
<p> • Does not generate a revenue stream by itself.<br>
 +
• Requires willing manufacturers to invest in equipment.<br>
 +
• Complete success requires public support and legislative changes, which are notoriously hard to achieve.
 +
</p>
 +
</div>
 +
<div id="titleThree" class="title">
 +
<h2>Opportunities</h2>
 +
<p>• Chance to expand open-source protein manufacturing beyond insulin to other expensive biopharmaceuticals.<br>
 +
• Plenty of generic manufacturers that would willingly enter the insulin market if it was ‘easy’.<br>
 +
• The Indian and Chinese governments stand to gain a lot from this business model – increasing the chance of public support!<br>
 +
</p>
 +
</div>
 +
<div id="titleFour" class="title">
 +
<h2>Threats</h2>
 +
<p>• New manufacturers using our bacteria will still be vulnerable to a price war after setup.<br>
 +
• ‘Big 3’ pharmaceutical companies may be forced to attempt to shut down distribution if it threatens their profit margin. <br>
 +
• FDA/EMA biosimilar approval is extremely expensive and can be drawn out for years. 
 +
</p>
 +
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Revision as of 05:01, 1 November 2017

Barriers to Entry


Non-Financial Permeability /10

Expected Financial Cost ($US)

Scaling/Ongoing Cost?

Technical Barriers

Open-source creation of a biosynthetic organism

8

5000

No

Design and Engineering expertise required for fermentation/purification plant

8

10000

No

Open Source Development of an insulin pump

8

10000

No

Cost Barriers

Clinical Trials I-IV (for new analogue insulin)

8

~200 million

No

Biosimilar Clinical Trials (for new generic/generic analogue)

5

~100 million*

No

Fermentation/Purification Equipment and Testing (Small - Large Scale)

6

2 million - 200 million

Yes

Fermentation/Purification Plant (Small - Large Scale)

6

4 million - 400 million

Yes

* Biosimilar clinical trials yet to have enough data to generate an average expense

Market Barriers

Enormous existing contracts between governments and pharmaceutical companies can be used to leverage significant pressure to use a certain product in PBS schemes.

5

USA, Europe, Australia; ~100m+ to disturb the status quo. For most developing nations, price/efficacy will be the major determining factor.

Yes

Economies of scale favours existing manufacturers. Any new market entrant would be vulnerable to a price war after investing significantly in setup.

6

^ See Fermentation/Purification Plant and Equipment Costs

Yes

Existing distribution systems are largely owned by competition

4

10 million + dependent upon strategic partnerships

Yes

Legal Barriers

Existing patents protecting analogue insulins

6

Litigation Risk

Possibly

Existing patents protecting insulin manufacturing optimisations

6

Litigation Risk

Possibly

Existing patents for insulin pump technologies

6

Litigation Risk

Possibly

 

Estimated Start Up Costs



 

Company A

 

Company B

 

Company C

Building Related Expenses

4,000,000.00

200,000.00

1,800,000.00

Equipment + Installation

1,000,000.00

980,000.00

300,000.00

Engineering/Validation

1,000,000.00

250,000.00

900,000.00

Total ($CA)

6,000,000.00

1,430,000.00

3,000,000.00

Total ($US)

4,680,000.00

1,115,400.00

2,340,000.00

Annual GMP Compliance + Operating Expense ($CA)*

925,000.00

454,000.00

720,000.00

Annual GMP Compliance + Operating Expense ($US)*

721,500.00

354,120.00

561,600.00

 

Risk Assessment Matrix


Potential Risks for Our Model


Potential Risk

Risk Matrix

Price war from competitors

9

GMP failure, dangerous product

10

Escape/Release of GMO organism

2

Manufacturing Injuries

2

Insufficient Liquidity

8

Exclusionary contracts prevent entrance to certain markets

7

Cure for Diabetes

5

Superior Analogue enters market

6

Inefficient secretion pathway

6

Inefficient Purification

6

Local - High Australian Wages

2

Carbon Emissions Target

2

Nickel-Agarose Price Inflation

2

Electricity Inflation

2

Competitive advertising

2

Government overregulation

8

Economies of Scale

9

Natural Disaster

4

Manufactory Fire

4

Internal Corruption

4

Patent Infringement Lawsuits

3

High Employee Turnover

2

Export/Import Restrictions

8

Unforeseen Circumstances

5

 

 


An analysis of various business models that can profit from this industry without pricing individuals out of the market.


Open-Source Tools to Enable the Market

Open-source research and development has revolutionised the Technology Sector and is quickly making its impact known on the Deep Tech Sector. Just as novel financial tools like ‘Freemium’ changed the way consumers interact with online businesses, open-source research offers new and unique ways to approach monetisation of Intellectual Property (IP).

  • Intellectual Property Tools - Platforms to empower individual researchers with the sharing and application of their work.
    • Design + characterisation of genetic sequences for protein (e.g. insulin) manufacturing - Competitions like iGEM showcase the excellent talent of researchers, while businesses such as AddGene provide simple sharing of plasmids for a novel fee.
    • Design + characterisation of expression systems for protein (e.g. insulin) manufacturing - Further focus on the downstream requirements to optimise protein expression is already entering the open-source market, expanding the options of small-time researchers to develop technologies with a big impact.
    • Manufacturing plant design and optimisation - Often held as trade-secrets rather than patented, the secrets of high-efficiency protein manufacturing are rarely shared between agents in the market. Improved clarity within this industry would be to the benefit of all.
  • Financial Tools - Platforms to bring Open-Source technologies to market, allowing investors to contribute to the approval and manufacturing of essential medicines.
    • Open-source Clinical Trials - Potential investors that wish their money to contribute to the development of essential medications and treatment are currently forced to purchase stock in a major pharmaceutical company. A financial platform can be designed that offers the chance to invest in the clinical trials of a new open-source drug, pledging money alongside other potential investors until sufficient capital is obtained to proceed with Stage I, II, III or IV clinical trials. Rather than the return on IP contributing to a single pharmaceutical company's profit margin, it can instead be divided between clinical trial investors and the developer of the IP.
      • Return-on-Investment would have to scale with the relative risk of the drug not finishing clinical trials, however this could still be significantly less than the ROI expected by public corporations.
      • Some legal protection would have to be established to prevent manufacturing of approved open-source drugs without contributing to the investors that helped get it approved.
    • Open-source Manufacturing Investment - Like open-source clinical trials, this financial tool would allow investors to direct their capital towards necessary manufacturing facilities for setup and GMP approval of protein manufacturing facilities.
      • Could be combined with public investment to better overcome the challenge of economies-of-scale.
      • All about helping the market respond more effectively to supply shortages.



    Small-Medium Business

    • Utilising Open-Source tools to carve out a market niche: The open-source tools listed above have the potential to make a tidy profit to the business that facilitates their creation.
    • Facilitating efficiency of distribution of Human Insulin and Analogues: [1]
      • The global pharmaceutical distribution market is a maze of intermediaries, each adding a small profit margin to the final price. Remodelling this will require public and private entities operating at all stages of the supply chain.
        • E.g. A click-and-mortar business that matches a diabetic’s insulin requirements to a specific wholesaler - cutting out all intermediaries and claiming a portion of the profit margin.


    Corporations

    The sheer scale of the insulin market (600m+ potential patients) allows economies of scale to play a major role in the competitiveness of individual players. Without enormous investment capital, any new manufacturing facility will be too small to make a significant impact on the insulin market and may be unable to produce at a low enough cost to survive a price war.* As such, new market entrants will most likely be large pharmaceutical corporations looking to share in this industry’s profits.

    • Large-scale Manufacturing Facilities
      • Expected cost: Minimum of US$100m for a medium-scale facility [2]
      • Research and Development of Single-Chain Insulin Analogues:
        • xpected cost: Upwards of $US50m for initial approval. Ongoing expense of 20-25% annual operating costs to ensure compliance. [3] Expense here can scale infinitely with risk aversion.


    Public Firms and Investment

    Governments provide a functional alternative to corporate manufacturing, as they can justify investment in research and manufacturing that offers a lower potential profit margin (or even a loss). Analysis of trends and forces within the international ‘Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient’ (API) manufacturing market exemplifies two nations already investing heavily in expanding local insulin manufacturing;

    • ndia - The brands ‘Biocon’ and ‘Wockhardt’ already hold a larger portion of the global market share than any other brands outside the ‘Big 3’ and are poised to take greater advantage of economies of scale. If the Indian government were to implement a ‘maximum price’ on insulin, these two could operate locally without fear of competition.
    • China - Companies with close ties to the national government such as “Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical” and “Zhuhai United Laboratories” are building enormous manufacturing facilities which could majorly restructure the current market layout.

    References

    1. Tsai, A. (2016). The Rising Cost of Insulin. [online] Diabetes Forecast. Available at: http://www.diabetesforecast.org/2016/mar-apr/rising-costs-insulin.html?referrer=https://www.google.com.au/ [Accessed 25 Oct. 2017].
    2. Basu, P., Joglekar, G. and Rai, S. (2008). Analysis of Manufacturing Costs in Pharmaceutical Companies. [online] Available at: http://moodle.univ-lille2.fr/pluginfile.php/28162/mod_resource/content/0/Analysis%20of%20Manufacturing%20Costs%20in%20pharma%202008.pdf [Accessed 25 Oct. 2017].
    3. Bruttin, F. and Dean, D. (2017). Managing the Cost of Compliance in PharmaceuticalOperations. [online] Available at: https://www.scribd.com/document/137906487/Managing-the-Cost-of-Compliance-in-Pharmaceutical-Operations [Accessed 25 Oct. 2017].


    Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat Analysis



    S.W.O.T Analysis

    Click on the Segments in the Pie Chart to learn about the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats to the Insulin Market!

    Strengths

    • Reduces technological barrier to entry for new manufacturers.
    • Able to disrupt the insulin supply market – new suppliers will not have to mitigate R&D expenses and can focus on lower prices than the established brands.
    • Open-source registration of Single-Chain Analogue prevents patent hoarding by large corporations.

    Weaknesses

    • Does not generate a revenue stream by itself.
    • Requires willing manufacturers to invest in equipment.
    • Complete success requires public support and legislative changes, which are notoriously hard to achieve.

    Opportunities

    • Chance to expand open-source protein manufacturing beyond insulin to other expensive biopharmaceuticals.
    • Plenty of generic manufacturers that would willingly enter the insulin market if it was ‘easy’.
    • The Indian and Chinese governments stand to gain a lot from this business model – increasing the chance of public support!

    Threats

    • New manufacturers using our bacteria will still be vulnerable to a price war after setup.
    • ‘Big 3’ pharmaceutical companies may be forced to attempt to shut down distribution if it threatens their profit margin.
    • FDA/EMA biosimilar approval is extremely expensive and can be drawn out for years.