Evan pepper (Talk | contribs) |
Evan pepper (Talk | contribs) |
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</style> | </style> | ||
− | <body> | + | <body style="background-color: honeydew;"> |
<div id="page"> | <div id="page"> | ||
<center> | <center> | ||
− | + | <br> | |
+ | <br> | ||
− | <div class=" | + | <img class="titleimg" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cf/Acetaminophen.png"> |
− | <div class=" | + | |
+ | <h1>ACETAMINOPHEN METABOLICS</h1> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="text-container"> | ||
+ | <div class="container"> | ||
+ | <p><span class="quote">"Antipyretic drugs, by being analgesics, reduce not only the fever but also the pain."</span></p> | ||
+ | <div class="quote-person"> ~Clinical Manual of Fever in Children</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <!-- <div class="container"> --> | ||
+ | <div class="metabolic-pathway"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/ca/Acet-syn.png" style="width: 100%;"> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <!-- </div> --> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <!-- <div class="text-container"> --> | ||
+ | <!-- <div class="paragraph-left"> --> | ||
+ | <p>We aim to genetically modify <i>S. elongatus</i> PCC 7942 to produce acetaminophen, a common mild anesthetic and antipyretic recognized by the WHO as an essential medicine<sup>[1]</sup>. However, in many countries with lower regulations and faulty policies regarding drug manufacturing, acetaminophen can be synthesized with lethal toxins that result in hundreds of deaths worldwide<sup>[23]</sup>. Acetaminophen is often used in conjunction with opioid pain medications postoperatively to enhance pain relief, thus reducing reliance upon opioid pharmaceuticals<sup>[24]</sup>.</p> | ||
+ | <!-- </div> --> | ||
+ | <!-- </div> --> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <!-- <div class="container"> | ||
+ | <div class="row"> | ||
+ | <div class="col-md-8"> | ||
+ | <figure> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4d/Acetaminophensyn.png" style="width: 100%;"> | ||
+ | <figcaption style="font-family: 'objektiv-mk1'; font-style: italic; font-size: 13px;">Current synthetic biology approach to manufacturing acetaminophen in E.coli <sup>[25, 26]</sup>.Genes 4ABH and nhoA were inserted to synthesize the pathway in PCC 7942. The gene from A.bisporus, 4ABH, produces 4-aminophenol while the E. coli gene nhoA converts that 4-aminophenol to acetaminophen <sup>[25]</sup>.</figcaption> | ||
+ | </figure> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
<div class="col-md-4"> | <div class="col-md-4"> | ||
− | < | + | <div class="pagagraph-left" style="vertical-align: center;"> |
+ | We are using a previously engineered pathway in Escherichia coli as a model of acetaminophen biosynthesis to enhance PCC 7942 <sup>[26, 25]</sup>. The pathway converts chorismate, an abundant aminoacid precursor of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, into acetaminophen with the addition ofthe 4ABH gene from Agaricus bisporus, an edible mushroom, and nhoA from E. coli. | ||
+ | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
− | <div class="col-md- | + | </div> |
− | < | + | </div> --> |
+ | |||
+ | <div class="metabolic-pathway"> | ||
+ | <!-- <div class="row"> --> | ||
+ | <figure> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4d/Acetaminophensyn.png" style="width: 100%; padding: 20px"> | ||
+ | <figcaption>Current synthetic biology approach to manufacturing acetaminophen in <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> <sup>[25, 26]</sup>. Genes <span style="font-style: italic";>4ABH</span> and <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> were inserted to synthesize the pathway in PCC 7942. The gene from <span style="font-style: italic";>A. bisporus, 4ABH</span>, produces 4-aminophenol while the <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> gene <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> converts that 4-aminophenol to acetaminophen <sup>[25]</sup>.</figcaption> | ||
+ | </figure> | ||
+ | <!-- </div> --> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <!-- <div class="text-container"> | ||
+ | <div class="paragraph-left"> --> | ||
+ | <p>We are using a previously engineered pathway in <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> as a model of acetaminophen biosynthesis to enhance PCC 7942<sup>[26, 25]</sup>. The pathway converts chorismate, an abundant amino acid precursor of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, into acetaminophen with the addition ofthe <span style="font-style: italic";>4ABH</span> gene from <span style="font-style: italic";>A. bisporus</span>, an edible mushroom, and <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> from <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span>. For more information on acetaminophen metabolics, check out <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Model">our modeling page!</a></p> | ||
+ | <!-- </div> | ||
+ | </div> --> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="container" style="width: 100%"> | ||
+ | <div class="row"> | ||
+ | <div class="col-md-4"> | ||
+ | <h3>P R O J E C T</h3> | ||
+ | <hr> | ||
+ | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Project" class="proj-button"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/64/UCSCproject.png" class="proj-button-image-solo"> | ||
+ | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
+ | <div class="overlap-button-text">HOMEPAGE</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="col-md-8"> | ||
+ | <h3>Click here to learn more!</h3> | ||
+ | <hr> | ||
+ | <div class="row"> | ||
+ | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/B-12" class="proj-button"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/a2/B12_flask_button.png" class="proj-button-image"> | ||
+ | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
+ | <div class="overlap-button-text">VITAMIN B<sub>12</sub></div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Model" class="proj-button"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/b/be/Modeling_button.png" class="proj-button-image"> | ||
+ | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
+ | <div class="overlap-button-text">MODELING</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Demonstrate" class="proj-button"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/ad/Resulticon.png" class="proj-button-image"> | ||
+ | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
+ | <div class="overlap-button-text">RESULTS</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="row"> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Target-Organism" class="proj-button"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/8/84/Spirulinaicon.png" class="proj-button-image"> | ||
+ | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
+ | <div class="overlap-button-text">TARGET ORGANISM</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Part_Collection" class="proj-button"> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/9c/Parts_icon.png" class="proj-button-image"> | ||
+ | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
+ | <div class="overlap-button-text">PARTS</div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
<div class="container"> | <div class="container"> | ||
− | < | + | <div class="reference-list"> |
+ | <hr> | ||
+ | <li>[1] World Health Organization, ed.,<span class="reference-italic">The Selection and Use of Essential Medicines: report of the WHO Expert Committee, 2007 ; (including the 15th model list of essential medicines).</span> No. 946in WHO Technical Report Series, Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007. OCLC: 254437808.</li> | ||
+ | <li>[23] P. N. Newton, M. D. Green, and F. M. Fern ́andez, “Impact of poor-quality medicines in the‘developing’ world,”<span class="reference-italic">Trends in Pharmacological Sciences</span>, vol. 31, pp. 99–101, Mar. 2010.</li> | ||
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+ | <li>[26] J. C. Anderson, T. HSIAU, S. Srivastava, P. RUAN, J. P. I. KOTKER, R. BODIK, and S. A.Seshia, “Method for biosynthesis of acetaminophen,” May 2016. International ClassificationC12P13/02, C12N1/21; Cooperative Classification C12N9/1029, C12N9/0073, C12P13/02.</li> | ||
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Latest revision as of 01:44, 2 November 2017
ACETAMINOPHEN METABOLICS
"Antipyretic drugs, by being analgesics, reduce not only the fever but also the pain."
We aim to genetically modify S. elongatus PCC 7942 to produce acetaminophen, a common mild anesthetic and antipyretic recognized by the WHO as an essential medicine[1]. However, in many countries with lower regulations and faulty policies regarding drug manufacturing, acetaminophen can be synthesized with lethal toxins that result in hundreds of deaths worldwide[23]. Acetaminophen is often used in conjunction with opioid pain medications postoperatively to enhance pain relief, thus reducing reliance upon opioid pharmaceuticals[24].
We are using a previously engineered pathway in E. coli as a model of acetaminophen biosynthesis to enhance PCC 7942[26, 25]. The pathway converts chorismate, an abundant amino acid precursor of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, into acetaminophen with the addition ofthe 4ABH gene from A. bisporus, an edible mushroom, and nhoA from E. coli. For more information on acetaminophen metabolics, check out our modeling page!