Difference between revisions of "Team:UCopenhagen/HP/Silver"

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                         <h1> H U M A N &ensp;  P R A C T I C E S</h1>
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                         <h1>H U M A N   &ensp;  P R A C T I C E S </h1>
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                     <h2 class="section-heading">Introduction </h2>
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                     <p class="lead">Our team believes that establishing a stable platform for scientists to create naïve orthogonal living compartments, would allow for an unpredictable advancement in the field of synthetic biology. Our project will not attempt to create an endosymbiont, but instead investigate the mechanisms in free-living cells in a bottom-up approach to endosymbiosis. 
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The endosymbiotic theory, formulated in the early years of the previous century, outlines that the organelles of the eukaryotic cell, such as the mitochondria, have their origin in free-living prokaryotes engulfed by bigger cells. These incorporated cells then co-evolved with their host conferring to it novel emergent properties which ultimately helped fuel the development of more complex multicellular biological systems such as plants and animals (Archibald, 2015). </p>
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Incell’s human practices explore the ethical, legal, social, economic, safety and security components of our work. They enshroud the beginning, middle and projected future of our work and Incell would not be what it is without.
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<strong>Our goal </strong> is to actively engage the scientific community and general public through diverse communications and activities to guarantee our project is safe, responsible and good for the world.
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We include a summary of our progress so far, what we have learned and what we plan to do with it.<br><br>
  
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We have learned and grown in the direction of the insights, knowledge and perspective gleaned from the humans which have shone on us. This is not a recent behaviour. We were we born and raised in human practices too, which you can read more about here.
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<p>We have identified three mechanisms we believe to be mandatory for the development of a stable endosymbiotic relationship, which we will be trying to replicate in free-living cells. First of all, in order for the relationship to be stable, the two organisms must  be mutually dependent on each other; there must be a mutually beneficial interaction between host and symbiont. Secondly, there has to be some sort of control and synchronization of symbiont replication. If the symbiont were to be replicating freely we could end up with way too many or not enough symbionts in the host.  Finally, a common feature of the endosymbiotic organelles we have looked at, is the transfer of genes from the symbiont to the host. Because of this transfer, the gene and protein expression is taking place in the nucleus and the proteins and metabolites are transported to the organelle. This import of proteins is interesting not just for understanding endosymbiosis, but also for the potential applications in synthetic biology.</p>
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<p>Based on these considerations, we decided to work on three distinct, but intertwined, projects pertaining to endosymbiosis, namely Interdependence, Number Control, and Protein import. We believe that by combining these three projects, a key step towards the understanding of endosymbiosis and its employment in synthetic biology will be obtained. </p>
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                     <h2 class="section-heading">What have we done? </h2>
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We engaged the scientific community and the public, conjuring an incredible and reciprocated curiosity. Platforms including conferences, social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn), the Incell podcast, public presentations and interactive events have been spun together to form a warm, wool-like, structural skeleton around the team — a feeling we see as Incell’s moral compass.<br><br>
  
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We are creative, targeted and context appropriate with all communications and outreach. We have ferociously adapted to what works and what does not. It is entirely the point, upon seeing the reflection of our work in the face of humanity, to be sincerely changed by it.
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                     <p>By understanding the basic principles behind the creation of stable endosymbiotic events we hope that in the future it will be possible to use artificial endosymbiosis as a new technology in synthetic biology, and we believe that value can be created in the foundational track of the iGEM competition. History has shown that great scientific advances has followed the implementation of new revolutionary technologies (Gershon 2003). </p>
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The take home message: for many, synthetic biology is unfamiliar and unless careful with wording — frightening. Many drew from their knowledge and misinformation of GMOs, and seeing SMOs as an unchartered extension, allow their scepticism to peak. Even after safety fears and dystopian nightmares are quashed, a more complicated question remains. The philosopher Sune Holm, speaking at our recent public forum on ethics in synthetic biology, said, “from a moral perspective, the main challenge is the question of who actually benefits from the creation of SMOs?” <br><br>
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<p>We envision that artificial endosymbiosis could be applied in a broad range of fields, including agriculture, medicine and production of valuable compounds. A deeper understanding of the relationships intertwining endosymbionts and their hosts could unravel new knowledge applicable for the treatment of mitochondrial diseases, while a living compartment able to fixate nitrogen from the air could decrease the fertilizer use in agricultural production. </p>
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These notes aside, the overarching vibe from the public has been, and hopefully continues to be, genuine curiosity. Moreover, some excitedly begin to formulate possible functions and applications. This is hugely rewarding feedback and evidence for Incell’s value as a technology in development. <br><br>
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<p>However, the applications are only limited by the imagination of future users. Indeed, the game-changing role of endosymbiosis has not gone unseen to the eyes of the modern bioengineers, who predict that the establishment of a novel interaction has the potential to radically alter the host cell physiology without directly affecting the host genome (Scientific America Vol 105 pp. 36-45).</p>
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The scientific community were free of safety fears and less astonished by the scientific objectives for Incell’s first phase. Importantly, they were equally excited, if not more so, by the vision and opportunities all of a sudden imaginable.<br><br>
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<p>Before the potential application of artificial endosymbiosis, there are many things to consider. While the current regulations regarding GMO limits what is possible to apply in agriculture and medicine, regulations regarding synthetically modified organisms (SMOs) have not yet been systematically put into place. How will a new field of SMO be regulated, and how will it influence possible applications of artificial endosymbiosis?</p>
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It is exceptionally important and too often given too little weight in science: communication and public engagement. Creating, organising and participating in public events is what has made Incell real — before it ever was.
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<p>In addition to our scientific investigation we are enthused to trigger debate about synthetic biology. We intend to podcast intriguing conversations with experts, thereby hoping to reach the general public and impel the discussion about the ethics and future prospects in combining biology and engineering.</p>
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                     <h2>Find Incell here:</h2>
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Revision as of 23:32, 1 November 2017

H U M A N   P R A C T I C E S

Incell’s human practices explore the ethical, legal, social, economic, safety and security components of our work. They enshroud the beginning, middle and projected future of our work and Incell would not be what it is without.

Our goal is to actively engage the scientific community and general public through diverse communications and activities to guarantee our project is safe, responsible and good for the world.

We include a summary of our progress so far, what we have learned and what we plan to do with it.

We have learned and grown in the direction of the insights, knowledge and perspective gleaned from the humans which have shone on us. This is not a recent behaviour. We were we born and raised in human practices too, which you can read more about here.

What have we done?

We engaged the scientific community and the public, conjuring an incredible and reciprocated curiosity. Platforms including conferences, social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn), the Incell podcast, public presentations and interactive events have been spun together to form a warm, wool-like, structural skeleton around the team — a feeling we see as Incell’s moral compass.

We are creative, targeted and context appropriate with all communications and outreach. We have ferociously adapted to what works and what does not. It is entirely the point, upon seeing the reflection of our work in the face of humanity, to be sincerely changed by it.

What have we learned?

The take home message: for many, synthetic biology is unfamiliar and unless careful with wording — frightening. Many drew from their knowledge and misinformation of GMOs, and seeing SMOs as an unchartered extension, allow their scepticism to peak. Even after safety fears and dystopian nightmares are quashed, a more complicated question remains. The philosopher Sune Holm, speaking at our recent public forum on ethics in synthetic biology, said, “from a moral perspective, the main challenge is the question of who actually benefits from the creation of SMOs?”

These notes aside, the overarching vibe from the public has been, and hopefully continues to be, genuine curiosity. Moreover, some excitedly begin to formulate possible functions and applications. This is hugely rewarding feedback and evidence for Incell’s value as a technology in development.

The scientific community were free of safety fears and less astonished by the scientific objectives for Incell’s first phase. Importantly, they were equally excited, if not more so, by the vision and opportunities all of a sudden imaginable.

It is exceptionally important and too often given too little weight in science: communication and public engagement. Creating, organising and participating in public events is what has made Incell real — before it ever was.

Find Incell here: