Difference between revisions of "Team:Munich/Testflow"

 
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"  
 
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href="https://2017.igem.org/Template:Munich/CSS?action=raw&ctype=text/css" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
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<head>
 
<style>
 
<style>
 
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margin-bottom: 20px;
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#HQ_page td not(#myContent){
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#HQ_page table{
 
font-size: 14px;
 
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#HQ_page table{
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margin: 0 !important;
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#HQ_page p.header{
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html, body
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+
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+
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+
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.dropdown-contentSupervisors a {
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.dropdown-contentPIs a {
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.dropdown-contentCollaboratingInstitutions {
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.dropdown-contentCollaboratingInstitutions a {
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.dropdown:hover .dropdown-contentSponsors {
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.dropdown-contentSponsors a {
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.dropdown:hover .dropdown-contentAttributions {
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.dropdown-contentAttributions a {
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+
 
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+
#HQ_page .meta p{
+
 
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  text-align: left;
  font-size: 0.85em !important;
+
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list-style-type: circle;
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margin-left: 40px;
 
}
 
}
  
 
+
#HQ_page .menuList{
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  width: 280px;
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text-align: center;
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border-radius: 3px;
 
}
 
}
  
.mydescription{
+
#HQ_page .menuList li{
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display: inline;
  overflow: hidden;
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padding: 20px;
    cursor: pointer;
+
font-size: 1.71429rem;
    cursor: hand; /*IE callst it differently. */
+
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+
 
}
 
}
  
.mydescription:hover{
+
#HQ_page .menuList li a{
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+
color: #ffffff;
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}
 
}
  
#HQ_page #myContent .mydescription:hover p {
+
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+
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.mydescription:hover .threeDots-container{
 
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@keyframes expandCard{
 
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.threeDots-container >img{
 
  height: auto;
 
  width: 50px;
 
  position: relative;
 
  left: -50%;
 
  top: -80%;
 
 
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.threeDots-container{
 
  position: absolute;
 
  left: 50%;
 
  top: 80%;
 
 
 
} /*The container is there to make sure the threeDots picture is centered and on to bottom of the container (mydescription). No idea how or why this works. */
 
 
#HQ_page #myContent .mydescription >p{
 
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(rgb(0,0,0),rgb(230,230,230) 50%, rgb(255,255,255));
 
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
 
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
 
  /*color: rgb(147,149,152);*/
 
  height: 15em;
 
  font-size: 1.1em;
 
}
 
 
.image > img{
 
  height: 200px !important;
 
}
 
 
.cards{
 
  align-items: flex-start;
 
}
 
 
 
</style>
 
</style>
</head><body>
+
</head></html>
 +
{{Munich/Menu}}
 +
<html>
 +
<body>
 
<table width=100% height=100% cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
 
<table width=100% height=100% cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
 
<!-- Bar -->
 
<tr><td height="32" bgcolor=#51A7f9></td><td class="no-padding" bgcolor=#51A7f9 height="32" width="960" align=center>
 
<div class="dropdown">
 
  <a href="/Team:Munich"><button class="dropbtnCascAid dropbtn"><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-content dropdown-content">
 
  </div>
 
</div><div class="dropdown">
 
  <a href="project" target=content><button class="dropbtnProject dropbtn"><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentDescription dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="description" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentDesign dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="design" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentProofofConcept dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="proofofconcept" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentDemonstration dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="demonstration" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentApplication dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="application" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentFinalResults dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="finalresults" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentEntrepreneurship dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="entrepreneurship" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentAchievements dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="achievements" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
</div><div class="dropdown" valign=center>
 
  <a href="wetlab" target=content><button class="dropbtnWetlab dropbtn" valign=center><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentProtocolsMethods dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="protocolsmethods" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentMaterials dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="materials" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentLabJournal dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="labjournal" target=content></a>
 
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  <div class="dropdown-contentSafety dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="safety" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentParts dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="parts" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentInterlab dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="interlab" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
</div><div class="dropdown">
 
  <a href="model" target=content><button class="dropbtnModel dropbtn"><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-content dropdown-content">
 
  </div>
 
</div><div class="dropdown">
 
  <a href="softhardware" target=content><button class="dropbtnSoftHardware dropbtn"><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentSoftware dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="software" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentHardware dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="hardware" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
</div><div class="dropdown">
 
  <a href="hp" target=content><button class="dropbtnHP dropbtn"><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentHPSilver dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="hpsilver" target=content></a>
 
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  <div class="dropdown-contentIHPgold dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="ihpgold" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentPublicEngagement dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="publicengagement" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentCollaborations dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="collaborations" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
</div><div class="dropdown">
 
  <a href="/Team:Munich/Team" target=content><button class="dropbtnTeam dropbtn"><img src="overlay.png"></button></a>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentTeamMembers dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="teammembers" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentSupervisors dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="supervisors" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentPIs dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="pis" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentCollaboratingInstitutions dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="collaboratinginstitutions" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentSponsors dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="sponsors" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
  <div class="dropdown-contentAttributions dropdown-content">
 
    <a href="/Team:Munich/Team" target=content></a>
 
  </div>
 
</div>
 
</td><td height="32" bgcolor=#51A7f9></td></tr>
 
 
<!-- Content -->
 
<!-- Content -->
<tr><td width="100%" colspan=3>
+
<tr><td width="100%" colspan=4>
 
<table width=100% height=100% cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
 
<table width=100% height=100% cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
Line 764: Line 85:
 
<!-- Head End -->
 
<!-- Head End -->
 
<!-- Content Begin -->
 
<!-- Content Begin -->
<img width="960" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/ab/T--Munich--team-picture.png" style="margin-bottom: 15px">
+
<img id="TopPicture" width="960" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/04/T--Munich--FrontPagePictrues_FinalResults.jpg">
<table width="900" border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=10>
+
<table width="960" border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=10>
<tr><td colspan=3 align=left valign=center>
+
<tr>
<font size=7 color=#444444><b>Student</b></font>
+
<td width=160></td>
</td></tr>
+
<td width=160></td>
<tr><td colspan=3 align=center valign=center>
+
<td width=160></td>
<div class="ui cards centered stackable">
+
<td width=160></td>
                  <div  class="ui card">
+
<td width=160></td>
                      <div class="image">
+
<td width=160></td>
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cb/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Pattrick.jpg">
+
</tr>
                      </div>
+
<tr><td colspan=6 align=left valign=center>
                    <div class="content">
+
<font size=7 color=#51a7f9><b style="color: #51a7f9">Final Results</b></font>
                      <p class="header">Patrick Wilke</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <span class="date">Masters Biochemistry (TUM)</span>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Patrick" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
                        He is currently in the Master in Biochemistry at TUM and is part of our Wet Lab Team. After spending too much time in the lab he has developed some side effects: he turned into a pipetting-robot and started to perceive reality in terms of incubation times. While he waits for the experiments to be done, he likes to play table football with Julian (you will know about him soon). Also, his laugh is very contagious.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e1/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Chris.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Christoph Neumayer</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Molecular Biotechnology (TUM)</span><br>Age: 20<br>Origin: Abensberg, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Christoph" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> I like that I learn so many new methods and problem-solving strategies, which can really help me prepare for a future career in research.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Experimental Genetics and Synthetic Biology.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I missed 5 minutes of “The Martian” when he did surgery on himself because I can´t see blood.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> when my freaking cloning works and when someone gives me food.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Donald E. Ingber and Feng Zhang.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="Profile_Pictures/Benedikt.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Benedikt Dürr</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Biology (LMU)</span><br>Age: 20<br>Origin: Munich, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Benedikt" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
                        <b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> So many cool ideas.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> I want to copy nature to use it under a new purpose.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I like to philosophy about everything.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Climbing, nature, traveling, and new impressions.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/d/d6/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Sven.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Sven Klumpe</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <span class="date">Master Biochemistry (TUM)</span>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Sven" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
                        At first, he joined the team to do simulation experiments but he ended up going to the lab almost every day. Now he leaves the lab very late and works in both the Wet Lab and Hardware Team. That´s what passion for science does to you! He is currently in the 3rd semester of the Master in Biochemistry at TUM. He is a big music fan and occasionally jams in a local bar. So, if you need a musical break from the lab work, you can ask this guy.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div  class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/ae/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Erika.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Erika Chacin De Leonardis</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master Biology (LMU)</span><br>Age: 26<br>Origin: Caracas, Venezuela</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Erika" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> the possibility to create something novel with more freedom than in other projects and sharing science with people outside the field.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Epigenetics, Synthetic Biology, and Drug Development.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I have a very low tolerance to heat after it goes up to 24 °C so I always bring a fan with me everywhere during the summer.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Cloning working, binge watching movies, rock concerts, and air conditioning.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Marie Curie and Craig Venter.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="Profile_Pictures/Luwdig.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Luwdig Bauer</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master Biochemistry (TUM)</span><br>Age: 22<br>Origin: Erding, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Ludwig" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Learning about things which are not directly related to my biochemistry studies.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Biological and natural products chemistry<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> He keeps smiling even in stressful situations.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> A large protein peak at purification.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> ----
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/d/d4/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Max.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Max Honemann</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master Biochemistry (TUM)</span><br>Age: 22<br>Origin: Stuttgart, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Max" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> The chance to work on a project that we chose ourselves.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> DNA Nanotechnology and Electron Microscopy.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I would rather be late for an exam than skip breakfast.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Positive clones and time spent with friends.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> ----
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/61/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Rob.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Rob Strasser</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master Biology (LMU)</span><br>Age: 25<br>Origin: Kirmbach, Germany </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Rob" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Creative and positive people everywhere.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Infectious and Immune Diseases.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> Sometimes dresses like Disney´s Aladdin.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> The smell of freshly mowed grass.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Christopher Hitchens.
+
 
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/c7/T--Munich--Dali.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Dawafuti Sherpa</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master in Biology (LMU)</span><br>Age: 27<br>Origin: Kathmandu, Nepal</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Dali" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> meeting people with amazing ideas and trying out new stuffs.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> almost everything related to Molecular and Cell Biology and of course Synthetic Biology.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> need at least 8 hours sleep to function properly.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> spending time with my family, yummy food, nature, sunsets, travelling to strange cities/places, overcoming hurdles in life, and good results from lab experiments.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> my papa and mamma.<br>
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/f/f2/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Milica.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Milica Zivanic</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Molecular Biotechnology (TUM)</span><br>Age: 21<br>Origin: Belgrade,
+
Serbia</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Milica" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> acquiring knowledge and skills in different fields.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Genetics, Immunology, and Pharmacology.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I learned Spanish as a kid just by watching telenovelas<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> seeing and making other people happy<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Novak Djokovic
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/3/3e/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Jorge.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Jorge Andres Quintero Serna</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Computer Science (LMU)</span><br>Age: 23<br>Origin: Cali, Colombia</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Jorge" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Students can develop their own projects and learn about original projects from teams around the world.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> in vitro DNA synthesis.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> Extremely cold resistant and can survive winter equipped with a light jacket.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Arguing, about anything and everything. The more pointless the discussion the better.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> My dad.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/49/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Katzi.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Florian Katzmeier</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master Biophysics (TUM)</span><br>Age: 23<br>Origin: Landsberg am Lach, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Katzi" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Working late into the night.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Theoretical Physics and doing handicraft.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I do things for reasons.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Coffee, cigarettes, and things that finally work as expected.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Isaac Newton.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="Profile_Pictures/Julian.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Julian Reinhard</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Bioinformatics (LMU + TUM)</span><br>Age: 23<br>Origin: Bruchsal, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Julian" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Trying and mixing new experimental protocols.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Structural Bioinformatics and Systems Biology.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> Developed RNAse anxiety disorder during iGEM.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Getting things to (finally!) work.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Craig Venter.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cf/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Florian.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Florian Rothfischer</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Master Biochemistry (TUM)</span><br>Age: 22<br>Origin: Munich, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Florian" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> CRISPR and night shifts.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Microbiology, DNA-Nanorobotics, and Bio-Organic Chemistry.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> The Professor for whom I work for, knows Florence Welch mother personally.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> ----<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Florence Leontine Mary Welch and Francis Crick.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/f/f1/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Igor.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Igor Styazhkin</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Biochemistry (TUM)</span><br>Age: 28<br>Origin: St. Petersburg, Russia</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Igor" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Freedom and internationality.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Origin of Life and Evolution.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> ----<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Summer.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Plate reader.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/5/5a/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Matthias.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Matthias Lenz</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Biology (TUM)</span><br>Age: 22<br>Origin: Freising, Germany</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Matthias" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> having people from diverse backgrounds come together and seeing their different approaches to problems.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Genomics and Biomedicine.<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> A Professor of Genetics once told me I had a "really distinct phenotype" and walked away without any further explanation.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Observing nature, reading, and a good bouldering session.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Richard Feynman and Richard Dawkins.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
                  <div class="ui card">
+
                      <div class="image">
+
                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/96/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Teeradon.jpg">
+
                      </div>
+
                    <div class="content">
+
                      <p class="header">Teeradon Phlairaharn</p>
+
                      <div class="meta">
+
                        <p><span class="date">Bachelor Molecular Biotechnology (TUM)</span><br>Age: 23<br>Origin: Bangkok, Thailand</p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      <div class="description" >
+
                      <div class="mydescription" id="Teeradon" >
+
                        <div class="threeDots-container">
+
                          <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
                        </div>
+
                        <p>
+
<b>Favorite thing about iGEM:</b> Meet new people.<br>
+
<b>Scientific Interests:</b> Plant System Biology<br>
+
<b>Fun Fact:</b> I laugh when people talk about serious topic.<br>
+
<b>What makes you happy:</b> Food.<br>
+
<b>Role Model:</b> Dr. Pakpoom Subsoontorn.
+
                        </p>
+
                      </div>
+
                      </div>
+
                    </div>
+
                  </div>
+
</div>
+
</td></tr>  
+
<tr><td colspan=3 align=left valign=center>
+
<font size=7 color=#444444><b>Supervisors</b></font>
+
</td></tr>
+
<tr><td colspan=3 align=center valign=center>
+
<div class="ui cards centered stackable">
+
              <div class="ui card">
+
          <div class="image">
+
            <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e5/T--Munich--ProfilePicture_Lukas.jpg">
+
          </div>
+
        <div class="content">
+
          <p class="header">Lukas Aufinger</p>
+
          <div class="meta">
+
            <p><span class="date">PhD student on cell-free gene expression</span></p>
+
          </div>
+
          <div class="description" >
+
          <div class="mydescription" id="Lukas" >
+
            <div class="threeDots-container">
+
              <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
            </div>
+
            <p>
+
            He studied Physics and Biophysics at TUM and is currently a PhD student working in cell-free gene expression in hydrogels. Before serious science got in the middle of his life, he used to do long jump. Now in his free time, he goes hiking and climbing. He has no clue about cloning, but is always willing to help us with any problem we have. He gives us advice on hardware and is always pushing us to learn new things outside the biologists’ comfort zone
+
            </p>
+
          </div>
+
          </div>
+
        </div>
+
      </div>
+
<div class="ui card">
+
          <div class="image">
+
            <img src="Profile_Pictures/Benjamin.jpg">
+
          </div>
+
        <div class="content">
+
          <p class="header">Benjamin Aleritsch</p>
+
          <div class="meta">
+
            <p><span class="date">PhD student on cellular computers</span></p>
+
          </div>
+
          <div class="description" >
+
          <div class="mydescription" id="Benjamin" >
+
            <div class="threeDots-container">
+
              <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
            </div>
+
            <p>
+
            He studied Aircraft-Engineering and got his Master in Physics at the LMU. Now as a PhD student, he is attempting to build a Turing-capable computer in a living cell, which expanded his skills to microbiology and genetics. He is an IT- and Tech-Guru that can build anything. For that reason, he gives us advice in different fields like hardware, software, and web design. He's a heavy metal hearted nature-boy that has finished the Ironman twice in the two years past. His next goal: to cycle up to Mauna Kea's summit.
+
            </p>
+
          </div>
+
          </div>
+
        </div>
+
      </div>
+
<div onmouseenter="toggleCard($('#Aurore'))" onmouseleave="toggleCard($('#Aurore'))" class="ui card">
+
          <div class="image">
+
            <img src="Profile_Pictures/Aurore.jpg">
+
          </div>
+
        <div class="content">
+
          <p class="header">Aurore Dupin</p>
+
          <div class="meta">
+
            <p><span class="date">PhD student on synthetic circuits</span></p>
+
          </div>
+
          <div class="description" >
+
          <div class="mydescription" id="Aurore" >
+
            <div class="threeDots-container">
+
              <img alt ="three dots" src="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5654cf16e4b00b463710ff91/t/56568104e4b0509ba9df9296/1448509701389/?format=750w">
+
            </div>
+
            <p>
+
            She comes from France, studied at the ENS Cachan and got her Master in Chemistry from the UPMC in Paris. Currently, she is a PhD student in the field of synthetic biology and is working on spatially organized synthetic circuits. At the beginning of our lab work, she trained us in key experiments like cloning and RNA isolation. We can confirm that she is a very patient supervisor, always with a nice answer even after asking her several times the same questions
+
            </p>
+
          </div>
+
          </div>
+
        </div>
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      </div>
+
</div>
+
</td></tr>
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<br><br><br><center><hr></center>
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  <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Detection Chip">Detection Chip</a></li>
 +
  <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Amplification">Amplification</a></li>
 +
  <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Biobrick">Biobrick</a></li>
 +
</ul> 
  
<td align=center valign=center>
+
</td>
<a href="https://www.tum.de/" target="_blank4" >
+
</tr>
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/ae/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_tum_low.svg" border=0 height="20" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/1/1e/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_tum_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/ae/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_tum_low.svg'">
+
</a>
+
</td>
+
  
<td align=center valign=center>
 
<a href="http://www.e14.ph.tum.de/en/home/" target="_blank5" >
 
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/a3/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_e14_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/72/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_e14_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/a3/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_e14_low.svg'">
 
</a>
 
</td>
 
  
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<tr><td colspan=6 align=center valign=center>
<a href="http://www.biochem.mpg.de/en" target="_blank5" >
+
<h1>Overview</h1>
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/d/da/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_maxplanck_low.svg" border=0 height="30" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/d/df/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_maxplanck_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/d/da/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_maxplanck_low.svg'">
+
<p>
</a>
+
We demonstrated that each of the modules of our platform (extraction, amplification and detection of pathogenic RNA) is functional, although we did not yet fully integrate all the modules into a final product.
</td>
+
</p>
  
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<h3>What worked</h3>
<a href="https://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/" target="_blank5" >
+
  <ul class="listResults">
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/05/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_helmholtzzentrum_low.svg" border=0 height="20" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/6b/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_helmholtzzentrum_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/05/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_helmholtzzentrum_low.svg'">
+
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Demonstrated functionality of Lbu and Lwa Cas13a.</a></li>
</a>
+
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Modelled the detection limit of our circuit and confirmed it experimentally (~10 nM RNA).</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Detected pathogen RNA sequence from <i> in vitro </i> and <i> in vivo </i> sources.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Targets">Differentiated viral sequences from bacterial sequences.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Readouts">Used RNase Alert and Spinach aptamer read-out circuits.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Readouts">Used gold nanoparticles to detect general RNase activity.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Detection">Detected RNA in bulk, on paper, and from lyophilized Cas13a.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Detection">Constructed a functional fluorescence detector with high sensitivity and low production cost.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Detected RNA in bulk, on paper, and from lyophilized Cas13a.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Amplification">Amplified target with RPA and transcription on paper.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Parts">Improved the biobrick BBa_K1319008 by adding a 6x His-tag and provided Cas13a Lwa as three different composite biobricks.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Part_Collection">Characterized the GFP degradation tags and sent them as a part collection.</a></li>
 +
  </ul>
 +
<h3>What presented issues</h3>
 +
  <ul class="listResults">
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Optimizing the purification protocol for Cas13a.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Demonstrating functionality of Lsh Cas13a.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Cas13a">Ruling out RNase contamination from heat-lysed in vivo samples.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Targets">Detecting Q5 beta RNA.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Targets">Reducing cross-talk between <i> E.coli </i> crRNA and <i> B.subtilitis </i> target RNA.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Readouts">Developing colorimetric read-outs.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Detection">Optimizing the lyophilization and stability of Cas13a.</a></li>
 +
          <li><a href="/Team:Munich/Amplification">Performing RPA and transcription on chip.</a></li>
 +
  </ul>
 
</td>
 
</td>
 +
</tr>
  
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<tr><td align=center valign=center colspan=3>
<a href="https://igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank6" >
+
<img width=440 src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/7d/Detector_hw_startpage.jpeg">
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/0f/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_igem_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/79/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_igem_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/0f/T--Munich--wiki_image_coop_igem_low.svg'">
+
</a>
+
 
</td>
 
</td>
 
+
<td align=center valign=center colspan=3>
</tr></table></td><td class="no-padding" align=center valign=center><table width=35 height=35 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr><td width="35" align=center valign=center></td></tr></table></td><td class="no-padding" align=left valign=center><table width=200 height=35 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr>
+
<img width=440 src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e2/T--Munich--Hardware_kinetic.png">
 
+
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/Munich.iGEM" target="_blank7" >
+
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/76/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_facebook_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/44/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_facebook_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/76/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_facebook_low.svg'">
+
</a>
+
 
</td>
 
</td>
 
+
</tr>
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<tr><td colspan=6 align=center valign=center>
<a href="https://twitter.com/iGEM_Munich" target="_blank8" >
+
<h1>Discussion</h1>
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/8/8b/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_twitter_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cc/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_twitter_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/8/8b/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_twitter_low.svg'">
+
<p> 
</a>
+
Our project CascAID is a universal solution for low cost, point of care diagnostics of infectious diseases. Currently, the available diagnostic tools are based on PCR, antibodies or microbiological methods which all need trained personal and lab equipments. Therefore, these methods are cost and time consuming. This gives rise to the need of developing effective, affordable and portable devices.</p><p>
 +
In our project, we first successfully replicated the Cas13a-based detection of RNA pathogens that was demonstrated by Gootenberg et al. Although this result is not novel, we thoroughly characterized the target detection limit for different bacterial and viral targets, from <i> in vitro </i> and <i> in vivo </i> sources, and proved the possibility to discriminate between viruses and bacteria with high specificity. We laid the groundwork for colorimetric read-outs that will add another layer of amplification in our cascade detection (gold nanoparticles, intein-extein and ssDNA amplification). Those readouts should allow for a practical readability of the diagnosis by the user without the need of digital analysis. Additionally, their amplification scheme should also lower the detection limit of the Cas13a without the need for pre-amplification of the target.  </p><p>
 +
However, we worked in parallel on a scheme for amplifying the target using RPA and transcription. Although the reaction worked on paper, it did not work on chip due to the toxicity of the PDMS to the reaction.  
 +
We built a fluorescence detector with high sensitivity to cost ratio, and used it successfully to detect Cas13a activity. However, the product itself needs to be redesigned for market distribution: in general, a fluorescence detector is not necessarily user-friendly, the extraction of the RNA on chip needs to be optimized, and the costs of the whole product must be lowered. </p><p>
 +
Nevertheless, we are glad to have created a functional platform that allows the detection of nanomolar concentrations of pathogens within 30 minutes. With our modular approach, we have shown at least proof-of-concept results for each part, and are confident that no fundamental gap prevents our platform from being usable, only optimization.  
 +
</p>
 
</td>
 
</td>
 +
</tr>
  
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<tr><td colspan=6 align=center valign=center>
<a href="mailto:igem.munich@gmail.com">
+
<h1>Outlook</h1>
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/79/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_mail_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/93/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_mail_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/7/79/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_mail_low.svg'">
+
<p> 
</a>
+
We still have some project sections that we need to improve in the future. We have therefore listed the following points that need to be optimized below.
 +
</p>
 +
  <ul class="listResults">
 +
          <li><i> In vivo </i> heat lysis: During our experiments, we realized that the RNA extraction of <i> E. coli </i> using heat lysis is not always optimal for our experimental setup due to the fact that we have RNase contamination in the extracted RNA samples. Although our Cas13a cleavage assays are performed in presence RNase Inhibitor to suppress the activity of the RNases that could be present, we saw that the heat lysed samples show relatively higher fluorescence activity in comparison to the phenol chloroform extracted samples</li>
 +
          <li>RNA extraction and amplification: The RNA extraction from the <i> Bacillus subtilis </i> was particularly difficult in our case since <i> B. subtilis </i> is a gram positive, spore forming bacteria. Also the amount and the quality of the RNA extracted from the <i> B. subtilis </i> and <i> E.coli </i> cultures were sufficiently good. We therefore should find methods to improve either the RNA extraction protocol or use a better amplification steps after the extraction.</li>
 +
          <li>Cost of the chip: Now, the cost of our chip is less than 15 dollars per chip. We could still try to minimize the costs by reducing the chip size and making it fully recyclable. However, at industrial level one could potentially reduce the cost of the chip.</li>
 +
          <li>Lyophilization of Cas13a: We also figured out that the lyophilization protocol of the Cas13a has to be improved in order to make our paper chip portable and sustainable. We also tried drying the Cas13a with the tardigrade intrinsically disordered proteins (TDPs) from team Delft but still it wasn’t that effective as expected. Therefore, we have to integrate some better methods to lyophilize the Cas13a without losing its activity.</li>
 +
          <li>Readouts with color and amplification: The colorimetric readout is also something we need to work on and improve since we only managed to partially succeed with the colorimetric assays. We however think that it is possible to realize this using more elegant ways of RNA detection and this is something we could try in future.</li>
 +
          <li>Integration of all the modules of the platform: Although all our modules parts are functional, we were only able to integrate them partially. So, with more time, we believe that we can have a fully functional and integrated module system.  
 +
</li>
 +
  </ul>
 
</td>
 
</td>
 +
</tr>
  
<td align=center valign=center>
 
<a href="https://www.instagram.com/igem.munich.2017/" target="_blank9" >
 
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e9/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_instagram_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/6e/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_instagram_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e9/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_instagram_low.svg'">
 
</a>
 
</td>
 
  
<td align=center valign=center>
+
<tr><td class="no-padding" colspan=6 align=right valign=center height=10>
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:Munich" target="_blank10" >
+
<br><br><br><center><hr></center>
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/1/1d/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_web_low.svg" border=0 height="25" onmouseover="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/61/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_web_high.svg'" onmouseout="this.src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/1/1d/T--Munich--wiki_image_sm_web_low.svg'">
+
</td></tr>
</a>
+
</td>
+
 
+
</tr></table>
+
</td></table>
+
</td>
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<td width="40%">
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+
 
</table>
 
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+
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Latest revision as of 19:24, 31 October 2017


Final Results

Overview

We demonstrated that each of the modules of our platform (extraction, amplification and detection of pathogenic RNA) is functional, although we did not yet fully integrate all the modules into a final product.

What worked

What presented issues

Discussion

Our project CascAID is a universal solution for low cost, point of care diagnostics of infectious diseases. Currently, the available diagnostic tools are based on PCR, antibodies or microbiological methods which all need trained personal and lab equipments. Therefore, these methods are cost and time consuming. This gives rise to the need of developing effective, affordable and portable devices.

In our project, we first successfully replicated the Cas13a-based detection of RNA pathogens that was demonstrated by Gootenberg et al. Although this result is not novel, we thoroughly characterized the target detection limit for different bacterial and viral targets, from in vitro and in vivo sources, and proved the possibility to discriminate between viruses and bacteria with high specificity. We laid the groundwork for colorimetric read-outs that will add another layer of amplification in our cascade detection (gold nanoparticles, intein-extein and ssDNA amplification). Those readouts should allow for a practical readability of the diagnosis by the user without the need of digital analysis. Additionally, their amplification scheme should also lower the detection limit of the Cas13a without the need for pre-amplification of the target.

However, we worked in parallel on a scheme for amplifying the target using RPA and transcription. Although the reaction worked on paper, it did not work on chip due to the toxicity of the PDMS to the reaction. We built a fluorescence detector with high sensitivity to cost ratio, and used it successfully to detect Cas13a activity. However, the product itself needs to be redesigned for market distribution: in general, a fluorescence detector is not necessarily user-friendly, the extraction of the RNA on chip needs to be optimized, and the costs of the whole product must be lowered.

Nevertheless, we are glad to have created a functional platform that allows the detection of nanomolar concentrations of pathogens within 30 minutes. With our modular approach, we have shown at least proof-of-concept results for each part, and are confident that no fundamental gap prevents our platform from being usable, only optimization.

Outlook

We still have some project sections that we need to improve in the future. We have therefore listed the following points that need to be optimized below.

  • In vivo heat lysis: During our experiments, we realized that the RNA extraction of E. coli using heat lysis is not always optimal for our experimental setup due to the fact that we have RNase contamination in the extracted RNA samples. Although our Cas13a cleavage assays are performed in presence RNase Inhibitor to suppress the activity of the RNases that could be present, we saw that the heat lysed samples show relatively higher fluorescence activity in comparison to the phenol chloroform extracted samples
  • RNA extraction and amplification: The RNA extraction from the Bacillus subtilis was particularly difficult in our case since B. subtilis is a gram positive, spore forming bacteria. Also the amount and the quality of the RNA extracted from the B. subtilis and E.coli cultures were sufficiently good. We therefore should find methods to improve either the RNA extraction protocol or use a better amplification steps after the extraction.
  • Cost of the chip: Now, the cost of our chip is less than 15 dollars per chip. We could still try to minimize the costs by reducing the chip size and making it fully recyclable. However, at industrial level one could potentially reduce the cost of the chip.
  • Lyophilization of Cas13a: We also figured out that the lyophilization protocol of the Cas13a has to be improved in order to make our paper chip portable and sustainable. We also tried drying the Cas13a with the tardigrade intrinsically disordered proteins (TDPs) from team Delft but still it wasn’t that effective as expected. Therefore, we have to integrate some better methods to lyophilize the Cas13a without losing its activity.
  • Readouts with color and amplification: The colorimetric readout is also something we need to work on and improve since we only managed to partially succeed with the colorimetric assays. We however think that it is possible to realize this using more elegant ways of RNA detection and this is something we could try in future.
  • Integration of all the modules of the platform: Although all our modules parts are functional, we were only able to integrate them partially. So, with more time, we believe that we can have a fully functional and integrated module system.