Difference between revisions of "Team:UCSC/Acetaminophen"
Evan pepper (Talk | contribs) |
Evan pepper (Talk | contribs) |
||
| (38 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{UCSC-Header}} | {{UCSC-Header}} | ||
| − | |||
<html> | <html> | ||
| Line 28: | Line 27: | ||
font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | ||
font-size: 120%; | font-size: 120%; | ||
| − | font-weight: | + | font-weight: 400 !important; |
} | } | ||
| Line 44: | Line 43: | ||
opacity: 1; | opacity: 1; | ||
display: inline-block; | display: inline-block; | ||
| − | width: | + | width: 30%; |
height: auto; | height: auto; | ||
transition: .5s ease; | transition: .5s ease; | ||
| Line 53: | Line 52: | ||
opacity: 1; | opacity: 1; | ||
display: inline-block; | display: inline-block; | ||
| − | width: | + | width: 65%; |
height: auto; | height: auto; | ||
transition: .5s ease; | transition: .5s ease; | ||
| Line 75: | Line 74: | ||
font-size: 20px; | font-size: 20px; | ||
font-family: "Objektiv-mk1" !important; | font-family: "Objektiv-mk1" !important; | ||
| − | font-weight: | + | font-weight: 400 !important; |
padding: 16px 32px; | padding: 16px 32px; | ||
} | } | ||
.proj-button:hover .proj-button-image { | .proj-button:hover .proj-button-image { | ||
| − | opacity: 0. | + | opacity: 0.2; |
} | } | ||
.proj-button:hover .proj-button-image-solo { | .proj-button:hover .proj-button-image-solo { | ||
| − | opacity: 0. | + | opacity: 0.2; |
} | } | ||
.proj-button:hover .proj-button-desc { | .proj-button:hover .proj-button-desc { | ||
| − | opacity: 0. | + | opacity: 0.8; |
} | } | ||
| Line 96: | Line 95: | ||
font-size: 20px; | font-size: 20px; | ||
font-family: "Objektiv-mk1" !important; | font-family: "Objektiv-mk1" !important; | ||
| − | font-weight: | + | font-weight: 400 !important; |
padding: 16px 32px; | padding: 16px 32px; | ||
} | } | ||
| Line 123: | Line 122: | ||
.firstword { | .firstword { | ||
font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 65px; |
} | } | ||
.quote { | .quote { | ||
font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | ||
font-style: italic !important; | font-style: italic !important; | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 28px; |
line-height: 130%; | line-height: 130%; | ||
} | } | ||
| Line 134: | Line 133: | ||
.quote-person { | .quote-person { | ||
font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 22px; |
width: 100% !important; | width: 100% !important; | ||
text-align: right !important; | text-align: right !important; | ||
| Line 142: | Line 141: | ||
.titleimg { | .titleimg { | ||
vertical-align: middle; | vertical-align: middle; | ||
| − | width: | + | width: 25%; |
} | } | ||
| Line 207: | Line 206: | ||
font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | ||
font-style: italic !important; | font-style: italic !important; | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 26px; |
} | } | ||
.quote-person { | .quote-person { | ||
font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1' !important; | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 20px; |
width: 100%; | width: 100%; | ||
text-align: right; | text-align: right; | ||
| Line 239: | Line 238: | ||
font-size: 14px; | font-size: 14px; | ||
} | } | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | |||
| + | @media (max-width: 992px) { | ||
| + | .proj-button-image-solo { | ||
| + | opacity: 1; | ||
| + | display: inline-block; | ||
| + | width: 30%; | ||
| + | height: auto; | ||
| + | transition: .5s ease; | ||
| + | backface-visibility: hidden; | ||
| + | } | ||
} | } | ||
| Line 245: | Line 255: | ||
opacity: 1; | opacity: 1; | ||
display: inline-block; | display: inline-block; | ||
| − | width: | + | width: 32%; |
height: auto; | height: auto; | ||
transition: .5s ease; | transition: .5s ease; | ||
| Line 308: | Line 318: | ||
figcaption { | figcaption { | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 14px; |
| − | line-height: | + | line-height: 140%; |
| + | } | ||
| + | |||
| + | .reference-list { | ||
| + | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1'; | ||
| + | font-size: 12px; | ||
| + | text-align: left; | ||
| + | list-style-type: none; | ||
| + | line-height: 100%; | ||
| + | margin-bottom: 80px; | ||
| + | margin-right: -70px; | ||
| + | margin-left: -70px; | ||
} | } | ||
} | } | ||
| Line 322: | Line 343: | ||
opacity: 1; | opacity: 1; | ||
display: inline-block; | display: inline-block; | ||
| − | width: | + | width: 50%; |
height: auto; | height: auto; | ||
transition: .5s ease; | transition: .5s ease; | ||
| Line 348: | Line 369: | ||
.overlap-button-text { | .overlap-button-text { | ||
| − | background-color: rgba(94, 94, 94, 0. | + | background-color: rgba(94, 94, 94, 0.5); |
border-radius: 60px; | border-radius: 60px; | ||
color: white; | color: white; | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 12px; |
} | } | ||
| Line 372: | Line 393: | ||
h1 { | h1 { | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 140%; |
} | } | ||
| Line 398: | Line 419: | ||
padding-left: 0px; | padding-left: 0px; | ||
padding-right: 0px; | padding-right: 0px; | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | |||
| + | .metabolic-pathway { | ||
| + | margin: auto; | ||
| + | background: honeydew; | ||
| + | width: 110%; | ||
| + | margin-left: -20px; | ||
| + | margin-right: -20px; | ||
} | } | ||
figcaption { | figcaption { | ||
| − | font-size: | + | font-size: 12px; |
| − | line-height: | + | line-height: 130%; |
| + | } | ||
| + | |||
| + | .reference-list { | ||
| + | font-family: 'objektiv-mk1'; | ||
| + | font-size: 12px; | ||
| + | text-align: left; | ||
| + | list-style-type: none; | ||
| + | line-height: 100%; | ||
| + | margin-bottom: 80px; | ||
| + | margin-right: -50px; | ||
| + | margin-left: -50px; | ||
} | } | ||
} | } | ||
| Line 418: | Line 458: | ||
<div id="page"> | <div id="page"> | ||
<center> | <center> | ||
| + | <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
| − | <img class="titleimg" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img class="titleimg" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/cf/Acetaminophen.png"> |
| − | <h1> | + | <h1>ACETAMINOPHEN METABOLICS</h1> |
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 438: | Line 479: | ||
<!-- <div class="container"> --> | <!-- <div class="container"> --> | ||
<div class="metabolic-pathway"> | <div class="metabolic-pathway"> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/c/ca/Acet-syn.png" style="width: 100%;"> |
</div> | </div> | ||
<!-- </div> --> | <!-- </div> --> | ||
| Line 448: | Line 489: | ||
<!-- <div class="text-container"> --> | <!-- <div class="text-container"> --> | ||
<!-- <div class="paragraph-left"> --> | <!-- <div class="paragraph-left"> --> | ||
| − | <p>We aim to genetically modify PCC 7942 to produce acetaminophen, a common mild anesthetic and antipyretic recognized by the WHO as an essential medicine <sup>[1]</sup>. However, in many countries with lower regulations and faulty policies regarding drug manufacturing, acetaminophen can be synthesized with lethal toxins that result in hundreds of deaths worldwide <sup>[23]</sup>. Acetaminophen is | + | <p>We aim to genetically modify <i>S. elongatus</i> PCC 7942 to produce acetaminophen, a common mild anesthetic and antipyretic recognized by the WHO as an essential medicine<sup>[1]</sup>. However, in many countries with lower regulations and faulty policies regarding drug manufacturing, acetaminophen can be synthesized with lethal toxins that result in hundreds of deaths worldwide<sup>[23]</sup>. Acetaminophen is often used in conjunction with opioid pain medications postoperatively to enhance pain relief, thus reducing reliance upon opioid pharmaceuticals<sup>[24]</sup>.</p> |
<!-- </div> --> | <!-- </div> --> | ||
<!-- </div> --> | <!-- </div> --> | ||
| Line 456: | Line 497: | ||
<div class="col-md-8"> | <div class="col-md-8"> | ||
<figure> | <figure> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4d/Acetaminophensyn.png" style="width: 100%;"> |
<figcaption style="font-family: 'objektiv-mk1'; font-style: italic; font-size: 13px;">Current synthetic biology approach to manufacturing acetaminophen in E.coli <sup>[25, 26]</sup>.Genes 4ABH and nhoA were inserted to synthesize the pathway in PCC 7942. The gene from A.bisporus, 4ABH, produces 4-aminophenol while the E. coli gene nhoA converts that 4-aminophenol to acetaminophen <sup>[25]</sup>.</figcaption> | <figcaption style="font-family: 'objektiv-mk1'; font-style: italic; font-size: 13px;">Current synthetic biology approach to manufacturing acetaminophen in E.coli <sup>[25, 26]</sup>.Genes 4ABH and nhoA were inserted to synthesize the pathway in PCC 7942. The gene from A.bisporus, 4ABH, produces 4-aminophenol while the E. coli gene nhoA converts that 4-aminophenol to acetaminophen <sup>[25]</sup>.</figcaption> | ||
</figure> | </figure> | ||
| Line 471: | Line 512: | ||
<!-- <div class="row"> --> | <!-- <div class="row"> --> | ||
<figure> | <figure> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/4d/Acetaminophensyn.png" style="width: 100%; padding: 20px"> |
<figcaption>Current synthetic biology approach to manufacturing acetaminophen in <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> <sup>[25, 26]</sup>. Genes <span style="font-style: italic";>4ABH</span> and <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> were inserted to synthesize the pathway in PCC 7942. The gene from <span style="font-style: italic";>A. bisporus, 4ABH</span>, produces 4-aminophenol while the <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> gene <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> converts that 4-aminophenol to acetaminophen <sup>[25]</sup>.</figcaption> | <figcaption>Current synthetic biology approach to manufacturing acetaminophen in <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> <sup>[25, 26]</sup>. Genes <span style="font-style: italic";>4ABH</span> and <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> were inserted to synthesize the pathway in PCC 7942. The gene from <span style="font-style: italic";>A. bisporus, 4ABH</span>, produces 4-aminophenol while the <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> gene <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> converts that 4-aminophenol to acetaminophen <sup>[25]</sup>.</figcaption> | ||
</figure> | </figure> | ||
| Line 483: | Line 524: | ||
<!-- <div class="text-container"> | <!-- <div class="text-container"> | ||
<div class="paragraph-left"> --> | <div class="paragraph-left"> --> | ||
| − | <p>We are using a previously engineered pathway in <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> as a model of acetaminophen biosynthesis to enhance PCC 7942 <sup>[26, 25]</sup>. The pathway converts chorismate, an abundant | + | <p>We are using a previously engineered pathway in <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span> as a model of acetaminophen biosynthesis to enhance PCC 7942<sup>[26, 25]</sup>. The pathway converts chorismate, an abundant amino acid precursor of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, into acetaminophen with the addition ofthe <span style="font-style: italic";>4ABH</span> gene from <span style="font-style: italic";>A. bisporus</span>, an edible mushroom, and <span style="font-style: italic";>nhoA</span> from <span style="font-style: italic";>E. coli</span>. For more information on acetaminophen metabolics, check out <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Model">our modeling page!</a></p> |
<!-- </div> | <!-- </div> | ||
</div> --> | </div> --> | ||
| Line 494: | Line 535: | ||
<div class="row"> | <div class="row"> | ||
<div class="col-md-4"> | <div class="col-md-4"> | ||
| − | <h3> | + | <h3>P R O J E C T</h3> |
<hr> | <hr> | ||
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Project" class="proj-button"> | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Project" class="proj-button"> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/6/64/UCSCproject.png" class="proj-button-image-solo"> |
<div class="proj-button-desc"> | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
| − | <div class="overlap-button-text"> | + | <div class="overlap-button-text">HOMEPAGE</div> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
| Line 509: | Line 550: | ||
<div class="row"> | <div class="row"> | ||
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/B-12" class="proj-button"> | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/B-12" class="proj-button"> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/a2/B12_flask_button.png" class="proj-button-image"> |
<div class="proj-button-desc"> | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
| − | <div class="overlap-button-text"> | + | <div class="overlap-button-text">VITAMIN B<sub>12</sub></div> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Model" class="proj-button"> | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Model" class="proj-button"> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/b/be/Modeling_button.png" class="proj-button-image"> |
<div class="proj-button-desc"> | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
| − | <div class="overlap-button-text"> | + | <div class="overlap-button-text">MODELING</div> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
| − | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/ | + | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Demonstrate" class="proj-button"> |
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/ad/Resulticon.png" class="proj-button-image"> |
<div class="proj-button-desc"> | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
| − | <div class="overlap-button-text"> | + | <div class="overlap-button-text">RESULTS</div> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
| Line 532: | Line 573: | ||
<a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Target-Organism" class="proj-button"> | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Target-Organism" class="proj-button"> | ||
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/8/84/Spirulinaicon.png" class="proj-button-image"> |
<div class="proj-button-desc"> | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
| − | <div class="overlap-button-text"> | + | <div class="overlap-button-text">TARGET ORGANISM</div> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
| − | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/ | + | <a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:UCSC/Part_Collection" class="proj-button"> |
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/9c/Parts_icon.png" class="proj-button-image"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/9/9c/Parts_icon.png" class="proj-button-image"> | ||
<div class="proj-button-desc"> | <div class="proj-button-desc"> | ||
| − | <div class="overlap-button-text"> | + | <div class="overlap-button-text">PARTS</div> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
| Line 552: | Line 593: | ||
<div class="reference-list"> | <div class="reference-list"> | ||
<hr> | <hr> | ||
| − | <li>[1] World Health Organization, ed.,<span class="reference-italic">The Selection and Use of Essential Medicines: report of | + | <li>[1] World Health Organization, ed.,<span class="reference-italic">The Selection and Use of Essential Medicines: report of the WHO Expert Committee, 2007 ; (including the 15th model list of essential medicines).</span> No. 946in WHO Technical Report Series, Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007. OCLC: 254437808.</li> |
<li>[23] P. N. Newton, M. D. Green, and F. M. Fern ́andez, “Impact of poor-quality medicines in the‘developing’ world,”<span class="reference-italic">Trends in Pharmacological Sciences</span>, vol. 31, pp. 99–101, Mar. 2010.</li> | <li>[23] P. N. Newton, M. D. Green, and F. M. Fern ́andez, “Impact of poor-quality medicines in the‘developing’ world,”<span class="reference-italic">Trends in Pharmacological Sciences</span>, vol. 31, pp. 99–101, Mar. 2010.</li> | ||
<li>[24] S. A. Schug, D. A. Sidebotham, M. McGuinnety, J. Thomas, and L. Fox, “Acetaminophen as anadjunct to morphine by patient-controlled analgesia in the management of acute postoperativepain,”<span class="reference-italic">Anesthesia and Analgesia</span>, vol. 87, pp. 368–372, Aug. 1998.</li> | <li>[24] S. A. Schug, D. A. Sidebotham, M. McGuinnety, J. Thomas, and L. Fox, “Acetaminophen as anadjunct to morphine by patient-controlled analgesia in the management of acute postoperativepain,”<span class="reference-italic">Anesthesia and Analgesia</span>, vol. 87, pp. 368–372, Aug. 1998.</li> | ||
Latest revision as of 01:44, 2 November 2017
ACETAMINOPHEN METABOLICS
"Antipyretic drugs, by being analgesics, reduce not only the fever but also the pain."
~Clinical Manual of Fever in Children
We aim to genetically modify S. elongatus PCC 7942 to produce acetaminophen, a common mild anesthetic and antipyretic recognized by the WHO as an essential medicine[1]. However, in many countries with lower regulations and faulty policies regarding drug manufacturing, acetaminophen can be synthesized with lethal toxins that result in hundreds of deaths worldwide[23]. Acetaminophen is often used in conjunction with opioid pain medications postoperatively to enhance pain relief, thus reducing reliance upon opioid pharmaceuticals[24].
We are using a previously engineered pathway in E. coli as a model of acetaminophen biosynthesis to enhance PCC 7942[26, 25]. The pathway converts chorismate, an abundant amino acid precursor of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, into acetaminophen with the addition ofthe 4ABH gene from A. bisporus, an edible mushroom, and nhoA from E. coli. For more information on acetaminophen metabolics, check out our modeling page!
