Algae Outbreak is one of the major marine disaster for marine life, which also threatens social economy and health of human being. The periodically occurring of algae outbreak, the out-break of Enteromorpha, on coastline has been a stubborn local environmental problem in ShanDong province of China.

At the same time, we response the wave of the third worldwide biofuel, which takes alage as core to explore biofuel. Compared with traditional plant used for biofuel like corn, straw and sugarcane, alage has little lignin and more fexible cellulose, so it can be transformed into fuel easier. And we can use the giant advantage that alage won't compete land resources.

Figure 1.1 Enteromorpha outbreak in Qingdao
Figure 1.2 Traditional materials for cellulose fermentation
Figure 1.3 Cellulose in algae  Figure 1.4 Cellulose in plant

Figure 2 Sketch of cellulosome

The efficient degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose in algae waste is the key part of biological transformation. In nature, it is cellulose-decomposing microorganisms able to produce cellulose and xylanase that contribute most to cellulose and hemicellulose degradation. Among them, some anaerobion realize this procedure relying on the cellulosome expressed on their surface, which is a kind of scaffold protein complex assembled with cellulose. In this way, various constituents of enzymes can cooperate well with each other, and its proximity effect allows sufficient reaction in the same system, which empower them of efficient degradation ability.

However, the structure of the cellulosome itself is huge, the burden on the target bacteria is enormous, which greatly restricts the final reaction effect.
In order to solve this problem, the enzyme-catalyzed reaction was combined and the metabolic burden was reduced in the mode of S.cerevisiae. We thought of using E. coli as the enzy-matic reaction platform of S.cerevisiae, using E.coli to express a variety of enzymes/proteins to participate in the production of S.cerevisiae.
Such a co-expression platform can lighten the metabolic burden of our yeast and at the same time, ensure the synergistic effect and proximity effect between enzymes. Ultimately, our degradation efficiency get improved.

Figure 3 Sketch of adhesion platform

This year,we use S.cerevisiaeas our chassis creatures.You know that Fungal promoters often span hundreds of base pairs, nearly ten times the amount of bacterial coun-terparts.The promoters are in big size. And the same is true of the terminator. This size limits large-scale synthetic biology efforts in Yeasts. So, synthesis promoters and terminator, especially minimally sized, are critical for advancing fungal synthetic biology.The mini promoters are com-prised of short core elements that are generic and interoperable and 10 bp UAS elements that impart strong, constitutive function. These synthetic pro-moters and terminations offer several advantages over native sequences, including an easily synthe-sized short length, minimal sequence homology to native sequences, and similar or better perfor-mance characteristics than those of commonly used longer one.