Protocols
Supplies
- 10X T4 DNA ligase buffer
- T7 DNA ligase
- Restriction endonuclease BsaI or BsmBI
- Water
Setting up the Golden Gate assembly reaction
- In a 0.5 mL microcentrifuge tube, mix 20 fmol (1 nM final concentration) of the backbone and 40 fmol of each DNA insert together. The insert to backbone ratio should be 2:1. For the assembly of a transcriptional unit use a 3:1 insert to backbone ratio. To calculate the precise amount of DNA to add, use this calculator provided by the Barrick lab.
- Add water to a final volume of 16 µL.
- Add 2 µL of 10X T4 DNA ligase buffer. Mix by vortexing.
- Add 1 µL of BsaI or BsmBI and 1 µL of T7 DNA ligase. Mix by pipetting gently.
Thermocycler conditions for BsmBI assembly reactions
- 42° C for 5 minutes.
- 16° C for 5 minutes.
- Repeat steps 2 & 3 for 30x.
- 55° C for 10 minutes.
- Use 2 uL of this assembly reaction for electroporation.
Thermocycler conditions for BsaI assembly reactions
- 37° C for 5 minutes.
- 16° C for 5 minutes.
- Repeat steps 2 & 3 for 30x.
- 37° C for 10 minutes.
- Use 2 uL of this assembly reaction for electroporation.
- The above Golden Gate assembly reaction protocol and thermocycler conditions used were directly from the Barrick lab protocols here.
Supplies
- MRS liquid media
- L. plantarum cells
- Glass culture tube
- CO2 incubator
- MRS liquid media, containing 0.5 M sucrose
- Spectrophotometer
- Centrifuge
- Vortex
- 50 mL Falcon conical tubes (2)
- 30% PEG 8000
Preparation of Recipient Cell Stocks
- Inoculate 10-25 mL of -80° C L. Plantarum stocks in MRS broth at 37° C CO2 incubator, overnight without shaking.
- Subculture by incubating culture in a 200 mL of prewarmed MRS broth. Add culture until OD600 is 0.1.
- Subcultures should be grown to an OD600 of 0.6 (4-8 hours).
- For glycine supplementation, the MRS broth should contain 0.5%-1.0% glycine.
- For NaCl supplementation, inoculate subcultures with 0.9M of NaCl.
- Harvest cells from the subculture by centrifugation at 4° C for 10 min. at 7000 rpm after inoculation.
- Rinse the cells in 200 mL of sterile, distilled water and centrifuge again.
- Resuspend the pellet in 2-3 mL of cold, sterile, distilled water and aliquot 1 mL volumes to 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tubes.
- Centrifuge aliquots at 15,000 rpm for ~90 seconds and remove the supernatant.
- Rinse the cells twice with 1 mL of cold, distilled, sterile water. Then rinse with 1 mL of cold, sterile 30% PEG-8000 solution. Remove the supernatant.
- Suspend cells in 0.5-0.6 mL of 30% PEG for storage at -80° C. These should retain viability for up to 2 years.
Treatment of Cells Prior to Electroporation
- Thaw on Ice.
- Suspend cells in 900 μL of cold, sterile, distilled water for 30 min.
- Treat with 100mM lithium acetate and 10mM DTT solution for 30min.
- After pretreatment, the cells were pelleted for 2-3 minutes in a microcentrifuge, washed once in 1 mL of cold, sterile, 30% PEG solution and suspended in 0.5-0.6 mL cold, sterile PEG solution for electroporation.
Electroporation
- Isolate intended vector (Lactobacillus plantarum experiment as of 09/06/17 has been using pMSP3535).
- 200 ng/transformation of plasmid DNA is mixed with 100 μL of cell suspension and transferred to a prechilled electroporation cuvette with a 0.2 cm gap.
- Pulse at 12.5 kV (From literature: Bio-rad gene pulser with capacitance setting at 25 μF and resistances of 200 or 400 Ω and voltage settings of 1500, 2000 or 2500 V (7.5, 10 or 12.5 kV cm-1).
- Quickly recover cells by adding 900 μL of recovery medium (0.5 M sucrose in MRS broth) to the cuvette then transfer the cells to a sterile microcentrifuge tube for incubation ~4 hours at 37° C in a CO2 incubator without shaking. (*Save recovery and plate again if no growth)
- Dilute cells in recovery medium and plate on MRS agar along with the proper concentration of any antibiotics that the plasmid of choice has resistancy (pMSP3535 has resistance to erythromycin).
- Incubate plates for 2 days, then count the colonies present. Allow an additional 3-4 days after initial count to ensure all were noted.
- Cells stored in glycerol (-80° C) after electroporation incubation can be expected to yield similar results to the cells that were plated directly after the incubation.
References
- Welker, D. L.; Hughes, J. E.; Steele, J. L.; Broadbent, J. R. High Efficiency Electrotransformation of Lactobacillus casei. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2014, 362 (2), 1.
- Spath K, Heinl S, Grabherr R. Direct Cloning in Lactobacillus Plantarum: non-methylated plasmid DNA enhances transformation efficiency and makes shuttle vectors obsolete. Microb Cell Fact 2012, 11 (141).
Lactobacillus plantarum is a gram-positive lactic acid producing bacteria, so it requires a different growth media than we typically use in our lab. We have exclusively grown ourbacteria on MRS media. Further, we grew Lactobacillus plantarum in a CO2 incubator as referenced in most literature we studied, for example Welker et. al. (2014).
- MRS broth was prepared using 55g of Difco MRS broth powder in 1L of distilled water. The solution was then autoclaved and stored in a 4 degree refrigerator along with the Difco MRS powder.
- MRS agar was prepared by mixing 55g of Difco MRS broth powder and 15g of agar flakes in 1 L of water. The solution was then autoclaved and stored in a 4 degree refrigerator along with the Difco MRS powder.