Difference between revisions of "Team:HZAU-China/Description"
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<div class="col-sm-9"> | <div class="col-sm-9"> | ||
<div> | <div> | ||
| − | <div id="section1"> | + | <div id="section1" class="jiaozheng"> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<a class="biaoti">Description</a> | <a class="biaoti">Description</a> | ||
| − | <a class=" | + | <a class="zhengwen_disblock">The replication of prokaryotes can be divided into three phases, B C and D</a><a class="yinzhu" href="#yinwen_jiaozheng">$^{[1,2,3]}$</a><a class="zhengwen_disblock">, while there are multi-rounds of replication happened in one cell</a><a class="yinzhu" href="#yinwen_jiaozheng">$^{[1]}$</a><a class="zhengwen_disblock">. So both the phase and the copy number of genome is various in a culture.</a> |
| − | + | ||
<div> | <div> | ||
<label for="HZAUmenu-toggle" class="zhengwen">To know more about replication | <label for="HZAUmenu-toggle" class="zhengwen">To know more about replication | ||
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<input type="checkbox" id="HZAUmenu-toggle" /> | <input type="checkbox" id="HZAUmenu-toggle" /> | ||
<ul id="HZAUmenu"> | <ul id="HZAUmenu"> | ||
| − | <a>The replication process of E.coli can be divided into three phases, phase B, phase C and phase D. B is also | + | <a>The replication process of E. coli can be divided into three phases, phase B, phase C and phase D. B is also |
| − | pre-replication phase in which cells are preparing for DNA replication, like G1 phase of eukaryotes. C is also | + | called pre-replication phase in which cells are preparing for DNA replication, like G1 phase of eukaryotes. |
| − | + | C is also called replication phase in which the genome is under replication corresponding to phase S in eukaryotic | |
| − | cycle. The last D phase, of course, is called post-replication phase, in which chromosome separates and | + | cell cycle. The last D phase, of course, is called post-replication phase, in which chromosome separates and |
| − | cell divides into two corresponding to G2 and M phase in eukaryotes. Among the three phases, C and D are | + | one cell divides into two corresponding to G2 and M phase in eukaryotes. Among the three phases, C and D are |
| − | constant, about 40 min and 20 min separately, so when to initiate a replication determines the whole cell cycle. | + | relatively constant, about 40 min and 20 min separately, so when to initiate a replication determines the whole |
| − | + | cell cycle. Recent research reveals a relationship between replication initiation and cell volume, but many | |
| − | still remain unknown. But what we know is that a protein, DnaA, plays an important role in this process. | + | details still remain unknown. But what we know is that a protein, DnaA, plays an important role in this process. |
| − | + | DnaA is a versatile protein possessing many different functions related to cell cycle, among which the most | |
important one is to attached to the OriC, the origins of chromosome replication, and initiates replication. | important one is to attached to the OriC, the origins of chromosome replication, and initiates replication. | ||
So controlling cell cycle by interrupting the attachment of DnaA and corresponding DNA sequence with dCas9 | So controlling cell cycle by interrupting the attachment of DnaA and corresponding DNA sequence with dCas9 | ||
is an efficient approach. | is an efficient approach. | ||
| − | <br> The whole cell cycle of eukaryotes and prokaryotes show a certain similarity, but there is difference between | + | <br>The whole cell cycle of eukaryotes and prokaryotes show a certain similarity, but there is difference between |
them. The cell cycle of prokaryotes can overlap, which means the next round of replication initiates before | them. The cell cycle of prokaryotes can overlap, which means the next round of replication initiates before | ||
the last replication complete, while eukaryotic cell cycle initiates one after another. Experiments have shown | the last replication complete, while eukaryotic cell cycle initiates one after another. Experiments have shown | ||
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a circuit related to genome gene. Besides, the development of synthetic biology requires a system to control | a circuit related to genome gene. Besides, the development of synthetic biology requires a system to control | ||
the reproduction of engineered organisms. So we believe that our project would be a useful tool no matter in | the reproduction of engineered organisms. So we believe that our project would be a useful tool no matter in | ||
| − | theoretical areas or application areas. | + | theoretical areas or application areas.</a> |
| − | + | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/44/T--HZAU-China--BCDperiod.png" class="tu_1"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/4/44/T--HZAU-China--BCDperiod.png" class="tu_1"> | ||
<div> | <div> | ||
| − | <div id="section2"> | + | <div id="section2" class="jiaozheng"> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | <a class=" | + | <a class="zhengwen_disblock">Our problem arises from a research about constructing 4D genome of eukaryote. So we begin to wonder why there isn’t |
a 4D genome project of prokaryote. After research we find that due to its complicated replication mechanism, there | a 4D genome project of prokaryote. After research we find that due to its complicated replication mechanism, there | ||
| − | will be a huge noise while detecting its structure, which hinder the research on prokaryotic genome | + | will be a huge noise while detecting its structure, which hinder the research on prokaryotic genome |
| − | < | + | </a><a class="yinzhu" href="#yinwen_jiaozheng">$^{[4]}$</a><a class="zhengwen_disblock">. </a> |
| + | <a class="zhengwen_disblock">Besides, the heterogenicity of cells are gathering importance recently in different fields, like industrial fermentation, | ||
| + | antidrug resistance research and synthetic biology</a><a class="yinzhu" href="#yinwen_jiaozheng">$^{[5-7]}$</a><a class="zhengwen_disblock">.</a> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/a6/T--HZAU-China--computorHand.png" class="tu_2"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/a/a6/T--HZAU-China--computorHand.png" class="tu_2"> | ||
<div> | <div> | ||
| − | <div id="section3"> | + | <div id="section3" class="jiaozheng"> |
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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accurate than hum beings, and there is a trend to let machine help us to control the organisms, so we want our | accurate than hum beings, and there is a trend to let machine help us to control the organisms, so we want our | ||
synchronization system can also be controlled by machine, by program.</a> | synchronization system can also be controlled by machine, by program.</a> | ||
| + | <a class="zhengwen">Therefore we begin to think if there could be a method to eliminate the heterogeneity. While thinking deeper into | ||
| + | this problem, it becomes interesting that what would happen if all the cells are synchronized, will there be a | ||
| + | new phenomenon that can change the traditional statements?</a> | ||
| + | <a class="zhengwen">So in our mind the ideal synchronization methods should be not only simply inhibit the cell cycle but at the same | ||
| + | time can free the inhibition according to our decision. As we all know, the manipulation of machine is much more | ||
| + | accurate than hum beings, and there is a trend to let machine help us to control the organisms, so we want our | ||
| + | synchronization system can also be controlled by machine, by program.</a> | ||
| + | <div> | ||
| + | <div id="yinwen_jiaozheng" class="jiaozheng"> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | <a class="yinwen">1. Helmstetter CE. DNA synthesis during the division cycle of rapidly growing Escherichia coli B/r. J Mol Biol. 1968 | ||
| + | Feb;31(3) 507-518. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(68)90424-5.</a> | ||
| + | <a class="yinwen">2. Skarstad K, Steen HB, Boye E. Cell cycle parameters of slowly growing Escherichia coli B/r studied by flow cytometry. | ||
| + | J Bacteriol. 1983 May;154(2) 656-662.</a> | ||
| + | <a class="yinwen">3. Umbarger, M. A., Toro, E., Wright, M. A., Porreca, G. J., Bau, D., Hong, S. H., . . . Church, G. M. (2011). The three-dimensional | ||
| + | architecture of a bacterial genome and its alteration by genetic perturbation. Mol Cell, 44(2), 252-264.</a> | ||
| + | <a class="yinwen">4. Paalme, T., Tiisma, K., Kahru, A., Vanatalu, K. & Vilu, R. Glucose-limited fed-batch cultivation of Escherichia coli | ||
| + | with computer-controlled fixed growth rate. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 35, 312–319 (1990).</a> | ||
| + | <a class="yinwen">5. Baumgart, Leo & Mather, William & Hasty, Jeff. (2017). Synchronized DNA cycling across a bacterial population. Nature | ||
| + | Genetics. 49. . 10.1038/ng.3915.</a> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
Revision as of 18:26, 31 October 2017
So in our mind the ideal synchronization methods should be not only simply inhibit the cell cycle but at the same time can free the inhibition according to our decision. As we all know, the manipulation of machine is much more accurate than hum beings, and there is a trend to let machine help us to control the organisms, so we want our synchronization system can also be controlled by machine, by program. Therefore we begin to think if there could be a method to eliminate the heterogeneity. While thinking deeper into this problem, it becomes interesting that what would happen if all the cells are synchronized, will there be a new phenomenon that can change the traditional statements? So in our mind the ideal synchronization methods should be not only simply inhibit the cell cycle but at the same time can free the inhibition according to our decision. As we all know, the manipulation of machine is much more accurate than hum beings, and there is a trend to let machine help us to control the organisms, so we want our synchronization system can also be controlled by machine, by program.
