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Protocols

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Sand Pack Test

Materials:

1. A type of surfactant
2. Petroleum or sunflower oil
3. Soil sample
4. Tap water
5. Plastic bottles
6. Frame

Investigating the optimal concentration:

1. Prepare plastic bottles and place them in the frame.
2. Weigh about 200g of soil sample, and fill them into the plastic bottle.
3. Measure 20ml of oil with a measuring cylinder, and add them to each soil sample.
4. Wait for 2hrs to allow the oil to combine with the soil.
5. Prepare surfactant solutions with different concentrations.
6. Add 20ml of surfactant solutions to the oil.
7. Place a cup under each bottle. Wait for 2hrs for the emulsion to occur.
8. Carefully cover the cups and freeze them in -20℃.
9. After the liquid freezes, separate the ice and soil residue from the remaining liquid by filtering. The volume of liquid should be equal to the volume of oil eluded from the soil. Record it in the table below.
10. Calculate the percentage elusion with (V/20ml)*100%.

THERE SHOULD BE A PICTURE OF THE TABLE FOR DATA

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